Implications of Combined Exposure to Household Air Pollution and HIV on Neurocognition in Children

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bangirana P ; Benki-Nugent S ; Boivin MJ ; Ghodsian N ; Gómez LA ; John-Stewart GC ; Karr CJ ; Moraa H ; Nyatika D ; Paulsen M ; Simpson CD ; Suter MK ; Wamalwa D
• Description:
  Air pollution exposure and HIV infection can each cause neurocognitive insult in children. The purpose of this study was to test whether children with combined high air pollution exposure and perinatal HIV infection have even greater risk of neurocognitive impairment. This was a cross-sectional study of HIV-uninfected unexposed (HUU) and HIV-infected children and their caregivers in Nairobi, Kenya. We used a detailed neuropsychological battery to evaluate neurocognitive functioning in several domains. We measured caregiver 24-h personal CO exposure as a proxy for child CO exposure and child urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biomarker for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Median 24-h caregiver CO exposure was 6.1 and 3.7 ppm for 45 HIV-infected (mean age 6.6 years) and 49 HUU (mean age 6.7 years), respectively; 48.5% of HIV-infected and 38.6% of HUU had caregiver 24-h CO levels exceeding the WHO recommended level. Median 1-OHP exposure was 0.6 and 0.7 µmol/mol creatinine among HIV-infected and HUU children, respectively. HIV-infected children with high urinary 1-OHP (exceeding 0.68 µmol/mol creatinine) had significantly lower global cognition (p = 0.04), delayed memory (p = 0.01), and attention scores (p = 0.003). Among HUU children, urinary 1-OHP and caregiver 24-h caregiver CO were not significantly associated with neurocognitive function. Our findings suggest that combined chronic exposure to air pollutants and perinatal HIV infection may be associated with poorer neurocognitive outcomes. High prevalence of air pollution exposure highlights the need to reduce these exposures. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Air Pollution, Indoor Carbon Monoxide HIV Hydrocarbons Nervous System Occupational Health Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Author Keywords: 1-hydroxypyrene Carbon Monoxide Children Cognitive Function Household Air Pollution Human Immunodeficiency Virus IAQ Indoor Air Quality Neurocognition Neurological System Pediatric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sub-Saharan Africa

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• ISSN:
  1660-4601
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  15
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20063835
• Citation:
  Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Jan; 15(1):163
• Contact Point Address:
  Sarah Benki-Nugent, Department of Global Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
• Email:
  benki@u.washington.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  1-Hydroxypyrene (CAS RN 5315-79-7) ; Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:23376a1ab3e511fc0459db2437375375fa3b81441c5a42396e0abcf97ac0a7de663fd9ae00822f79bd1535e84ee31032d5ce805ff68b001df0d59c9853ae1ac3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/222382/cdc_222382_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 358.09 KB ]