Associations Between School Lunch Consumption and Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations in US Children and Adolescents: Results from NHANES 2003–2014

Details

• Personal Author:
  Arthur AE ; Colacino JA ; Ferguson KK ; Lewis RC ; Meeker JD ; Muñoz I
• Description:
  Diet is a major route of phthalate exposure in humans due to use in food packaging materials. School lunches may be an important contributor to phthalate exposure in children and adolescents in the US because of the large amount of packaging necessary for mass-produced foods. We used 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to study the association between school lunch consumption and urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in children (ages 6-11 years, N=2196) and adolescents (ages 12-19 years, N=2314). After adjustment for other covariates, children who Always consumed school lunch had significantly elevated urinary concentrations of the following phthalate metabolites compared to levels in children who Never ate school lunch: sum of di(2.ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites, (28% higher, 95% confidence interval, CI: 10, 49%); mono-(carboxy-octyl) phthalate (MCOP; 43% higher, 95% CI: 17, 76%) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (18% higher, 95% CI: 3.5, 34%). We did not find statistically significant associations in adolescents, but the trend for MCOP concentrations was similar to that of children. In sensitivity analyses, associations between 24-hour recall of cafeteria food and urinary phthalate metabolites were not statistically significant, which could indicate that associations observed with Always consuming school lunch are due to residual confounding. Our findings show that children who Always eat school lunch had higher levels of exposure to some phthalates, but the source of differences in exposure need to be evaluated in additional studies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Diet Education Endocrine System Energy Metabolism Environmental Exposure Occupational Health Phthalic Acids Plastics Safety Urine

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• Keywords:
  Adolescents Author Keywords: Phthalates Cafeteria Children Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Endocrine Disruptors Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Food Processing Equipment Humans Metabolites Phthalates Plasticizers Sampling Sensitivity Testing

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• ISSN:
  0160-4120
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Illinois ; Michigan ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  287-295
• Volume:
  121
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20055287
• Citation:
  Environ Int 2018 Dec; 121(Pt 1):287-295
• Contact Point Address:
  Kelly K. Ferguson, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, PO Box 12233, MD A3-O5, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
• Email:
  kelly.ferguson2@nih.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Dioctyl phthalate (CAS RN 117-81-7) ; Monobutyl phthalate (CAS RN 131-70-4)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Part Number:
  1
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Environment International
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:61602a2fc15c9d441f5fcbbbcc8f9dc2812e8ba8ba9a29e6d439903a9cbe89d45aa58231b2d71768f85da982c105121b276d651c0432683e8e309a81a4dec704
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217628/cdc_217628_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 413.91 KB ]