Effect Modification of Airborne Particulate Matter on Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Risk Factor Burden: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Details

• Personal Author:
  Adar S ; Allen NB ; Burke GL ; Daviglus M ; Diez-Roux A ; Kaufman J ; O'Leary D ; Raghunathan T ; Stein JH
• Description:
  Background: Associations between airborne particulate matter and subclinical measures of atherosclerosis have been inconsistent. We hypothesized that cardiovascular risk factor burden may modify the effect of particulate matter exposures on subclincal atherosclerosis. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a multi-center cohort study of individuals 45 to 84 years of age who were free of clinical CVD at baseline (2000-2002). Long-term exposures to particulate matter <2.5 um (PM2.5) and <10 um (PM10) in aerodynamic diameter were estimated using a spatio-temporal model based on regulatory monitoring data and land-use covariates. Outcomes included common carotid intimal-media thickness (CIMT), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and coronary artery calcification (CAC) at the baseline exam. Participants were categorized into 4 strata of risk factor burden based upon their levels of blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose, smoking status, BMI and medications: (1) All Optimal; (2) No Risk Factors High, But =1 Unfavorable; (3) 1 Risk Factor High; (4) =2 Risk Factors High. Linear and binomial regression were used as appropriate and adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, site and SES. Results: Of the 5,132 participants included in this analysis, 298 (5.8%) had optimal levels of risk factors, 2,166 (42.2%) had 1+ elevated risk factors, 893 (17.4%) had 1 high risk factor, and 1,775 (34.9%) had 2+high risk factors. Increasing risk factor burden was associated with being African American, less education and lower SES. The prevalence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis increased with increasing risk factor burden. PM10 and PM2.5 exposures were similar across risk factor strata with means (SD) of 34.1 (7.6) ug/m3 and 21.9 (5.0) ug/m3, respectively. There were no significant associations with CIMT, ABI or CAC and particulate matter at any level of risk factor burden. Nor was there evidence of differences in association by strata (p values for interaction terms ranged from 0.48-0.97). Discussion: No associations between PM2.5 and PM10 levels and subclinical CVD were observed. Cardiovascular risk factor burden does not appear to modify this relationship. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cohort Studies Epidemiology Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Author Keywords: Subclinical Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Chronic Exposure Cohort Studies Health Effects Particulates Risk Factors
• ISSN:
  0009-7322
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; Massachusetts ; Michigan ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington ; Wisconsin
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  124
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054897
• Citation:
  Circulation 2011 Nov; 124(Suppl 21):A13217
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Circulation
• Supplement:
  Suppl 21
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d2eede7011d02a0615e9ae363106682a02d885280c463953b3873c096209dc27ba26c1e8491d3e9ff26bf7a7b956ec62268f75f5852598758ac28d9c11cf8f4a
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217310/cdc_217310_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 69.14 KB ]