Trimethyltin-Induced Cochlear Degeneration in Rat

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ding D ; Roth JA ; Salvi R ; Sun H ; Yu J
• Description:
  Trimethyltin (TMT) is an occupational and environmental health hazard behaving as a potent neurotoxin known to affect the central nervous system as well as the peripheral auditory system. However, the mechanisms underlying TMT-induced ototoxicity are poorly understood. To elucidate the effects of TMT on the cochlea, a single injection of 4 or 8 mg/kg TMT was administered intraperitoneally to adult rats. The compound action potential (CAP) threshold was used to assess the functional status of the cochlea and histological techniques were used to assess the condition of the hair cells and auditory nerve fibers. TMT at 4 mg/kg produced a temporary CAP threshold elevation of 25e60 dB that recovered by 28 d post-treatment. Although there was no hair cell loss with the 4 mg/kg dose, there was a noticeable loss of auditory nerve fibers particularly beneath the inner hair cells. TMTat 8 mg/kg produced a large permanent CAP threshold shift that was greatest at the high frequencies. The CAP threshold shift was associated with the loss of outer hair cells and inner hair cells in the basal, high-frequency region of the cochlea, considerable loss of auditory nerve fibers and a significant loss of spiral ganglion neurons in the basal turn. Spiral ganglion neurons showed evidence of soma shrinkage and nuclear condensation and fragmentation, morphological features of apoptotic cell death. TMT-induced damage was greatest in the high-frequency, basal region of the cochlea and the nerve fibers beneath the inner hair cells were the most vulnerable structures. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Hazardous Substances Laboratories Metals, Heavy Nervous System Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Auditory Nerve Auditory System Author Keywords: Trimethyltin Cell Death Cell Function Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Disorders Chemicals Environmental Hazards Environmental Health Exposure Levels Hair Cells Hazards Heavy Metals Laboratory Animals Nerve Fibers Neurotoxic Effects Neurotoxins Ototoxicity Ototoxins Risk Factors Spiral Ganglion Neurons Toxic Effects Toxins

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• ISSN:
  1672-2930
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  118-126
• Volume:
  11
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20053838
• Citation:
  J Otol 2016 Sep; 11(3):118-126
• Contact Point Address:
  Dalian Ding, Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
• Email:
  dding@buffalo.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Trimethylstannane (CAS RN 1631-73-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• Performing Organization:
  State University of New York - Buffalo
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20120901
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Otology
• End Date:
  20170831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:24bd44bc59bc10437aa051f28e9d36a48440e47cbe4b89c6665e94519713a85f02e9363b300ef1df1c3c0f9978b8dfd24fa5789fc642a6cb8fb3efa0e54d0388
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/216527/cdc_216527_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.28 MB ]