Chromium VI and Stomach Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of the Current Epidemiological Evidence

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alexeeff GV ; Beaumont, James J. ; Petersen SJ ; Steinmaus C ; Welling R
• Description:
  Objectives: Chromium VI (hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI)) is an established cause of lung cancer, but its association with gastrointestinal cancer is less clear. The goal of this study was to examine whether the current human epidemiological research on occupationally inhaled Cr(VI) supports the hypothesis that Cr(VI) is associated with human stomach cancer. Methods: Following a thorough literature search and review of individual studies, we used meta-analysis to summarise the current epidemiological literature on inhaled Cr(VI) and stomach cancer, explore major sources of heterogeneity, and assess other elements of causal inference. Results: We identified 56 cohort and case-control studies and 74 individual relative risk (RR) estimates on stomach cancer and Cr(VI) exposure or work in an occupation associated with high Cr(VI) exposure including chromium production, chrome plating, leather work and work with Portland cement. The summary RR for all studies combined was 1.27 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.38). In analyses limited to only those studies identifying increased risks of lung cancer, the summary RR for stomach cancer was higher (RR=1.41, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.69). Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that Cr(VI) is a stomach carcinogen in humans, which is consistent with the tumour results reported in rodent studies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Carcinogens Chromium Construction Industry Epidemiology Lung Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Cancer Rates Cement Industry Chrome Plating Leather Workers Lung Cancer Risk Assessment Stomach Cancer
• ISSN:
  1351-0711
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  151-159
• Volume:
  72
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20053638
• Citation:
  Occup Environ Med 2015 Feb; 72(2):151-159
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr Craig Steinmaus, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay Street, 16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
• Email:
  craigs@berkeley.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Chromium(6+) (CAS RN 18540-29-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8c4e563085684ea53d3ca2c620221632af2a9048c450e854c03d138858d5a9fe33038d3c5fb7811256c5c1e4122401d3f4a16018e35c8e9e78b01a767bac8bb5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/216359/cdc_216359_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.97 MB ]