Factors Associated with Developing Vaginal Dryness Symptoms in Women Transitioning Through Menopause: A Longitudinal Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Avis NE ; Chang P-Y ; Crawford SL ; Dugan SA ; Gold EB ; Greendale GA ; Harlow SD ; Hess R ; Reed BD ; Waetjen LE
• Corporate Authors:
  Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
• Description:
  Objective: To evaluate factors associated with incident self-reported vaginal dryness and the consequences of this symptom across the menopausal transition in a multiracial/ethnic cohort of community-dwelling women. Methods: We analyzed questionnaire and biomarker data from baseline and 13 approximately annual visits over 17 years (1996-2013) from 2,435 participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a prospective cohort study. We used discrete-time Cox proportional-hazards regression to identify predictors of incident vaginal dryness and to evaluate vaginal dryness as a predictor of pain during intercourse and changes in sexual intercourse frequency. Results: The prevalence of vaginal dryness increased from 19.4% among all women at baseline (ages 42-53 years) to 34.0% at the 13th visit (ages 57-69 years). Advancing menopausal stage, surgical menopause, anxiety, and being married were positively associated with developing vaginal dryness, regardless of partnered sexual activity. For women not using hormone therapy, higher concurrent levels of endogenous estradiol were inversely associated (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio: 0.94 per 0.5 standard deviation increase, 95% confidence interval: 0.91-0.98). Concurrent testosterone levels, concurrent dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, and longitudinal change in any reproductive hormone were not associated with developing vaginal dryness. Both vaginal dryness and lubricant use were associated with subsequent reporting of pain during intercourse, but not with a decline in intercourse frequency. Conclusion: In these longitudinal analyses, our data support many clinical observations about the relationship between vaginal dryness, menopause, and pain during intercourse, and suggest that reporting of vaginal dryness is not related to androgen level or sexual intercourse frequency. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aging Cohort Studies Endocrine System Occupational Health Safety Women
• Keywords:
  Age Groups Author Keywords: Dyspareunia Cohort Studies Hormones Menopause Sexual Dysfunction Sexual Function Vaginal Dryness
• ISSN:
  1072-3714
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Illinois ; Massachusetts ; Michigan ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 8 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Utah
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  25
• Issue:
  10
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056548
• Citation:
  Menopause 2018 Oct; 25(10):1094-1104
• Contact Point Address:
  L. Elaine Waetjen, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4860 Y St, Suite 2500, Sacramento, CA 95817
• Email:
  lewaetjen@ucdavis.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Menopause: Journal of the North American Menopause Society
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ec5fdecf64da9523fa6d920943fb8e4dcc755227f6628dc6b27e33437ab592ccdd4b8f6486f2cd73500c81358a35cbd4b69a42a98cecc30d221491bdcde16778
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/214137/cdc_214137_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 199.67 KB ]