Assessment of the Contribution of Indoor Surface Residues to Children’s Nicotine Exposure

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cooper E ; Greenhall A ; Kissel JC ; Shirai J
• Description:
  The prevalence of smoking has declined significantly since the middle of the last century in the U.S. Most U.S. states have restricted the smoking of cigarettes in public places, which has had the effect of elevating the relative importance of residential exposure for non-smokers. Populations at risk for involuntary residential exposure to tobacco smoke include infants and children. While many smokers recognize the potential harm of secondhand smoke, and change their behavior to mitigate direct exposure to people around them, the extent to which tobacco smoke residues, termed third-hand smoke (THS), persist in the indoor environment and contribute to exposure may be poorly understood. Review of available literature describing environmental nicotine levels and children's urinary excretion of cotinine suggests that direct inhalation or dust ingestion cannot fully explain apparent exposures. However, dermal exposure can plausibly explain the apparent shortfall. Chronic low-level dermal exposure to nicotine is inevitable in indoor environments contaminated by tobacco smoke. Nicotine provides an attractive case study for the investigation of the contribution of the dermal pathway to indoor non-dietary semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) exposure because 1) nicotine is well absorbed via skin, 2) nicotine is metabolized quickly and excreted in urine, and 3) nicotine is a common indoor contaminant for which relevant data are available. The work presented here applies a model that links a fugacity-based multi-compartment indoor environment component with a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic component to children's aggregate exposure to nicotine. The approach can be extended to SVOCs more generally. Other candidates for non-trivial contribution of dermal exposure to aggregate indoor exposure include common household materials such as pesticides, flame retardants and plasticizers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Nicotine Occupational Health Safety Skin Smokers Tobacco Products
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Built Environment Children Cigarette Smoking Dermal Exposures Exposure Models Indoor Environment Indoor Environments Secondhand Smoke SVOCs
• Publisher:
  International Society of Exposure Science
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056079
• Citation:
  22nd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science (ISES 2012): Lessons Learned: Contributions of Exposure Science to Environmental and Occupational Health, October 28-November 1, 2012, Seattle, Washington. Ottawa, Canada: International Society of Exposure Science, 2012 Oct; :238
• CAS Registry Number:
  (-)-Nicotine (CAS RN 54-11-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20020901
• Source Full Name:
  22nd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science (ISES 2012): Lessons Learned: Contributions of Exposure Science to Environmental and Occupational Health, October 28-November 1, 2012, Seattle, Washington
• End Date:
  20130731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:103592104cad1b085ee1def65eba7be70247b3f25f288cf256167c0059f5e8a892e4769ce4f4b7c27098153f25e1f331e6296b104517899189c3b19905bbd0ed
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/213768/cdc_213768_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 105.62 KB ]