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Analysis of Los Angeles Taxi Drivers’ Urinary PAH Metabolites and Their Associations with Occupational Exposure to Traffic Pollutants



Details

  • Personal Author:
    Yu N
  • Description:
    Objective: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is one of the major hazardous traffic emission constituents. Many PAH species have been identified as carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens, and their metabolites can cause damage to human DNA. About 4,000 taxi drivers are working in Los Angeles area with potentially high occupational particulate matter and PAH exposures, however, there is a data and knowledge gap on quantifying their PAH exposure levels and the associated health impacts. Methods: In this study, 22 never smoked Los Angeles taxi drivers were recruited and monitored for 4 consecutive work days, a 6-hour work shift/day, for their ultrafine particles and PM2.5 exposures. In the last two monitored days, each driver's taxi will be installed with a high efficiency particulate cabin air filter for exposure intervention. The taxi driver urine samples were also collected both just before (pre shift) and right after (post shift) their daily work shift. Nine different urinary monohydroxylated PAH metabolites were analyzed, which included 1- and 2-hydroxynaphthol (1- and 2-NAP), 1-, 2-, 3- hydroxyphenanthrene (1-, 2- and 3-PHE), 2-, 3-, 9-hydroxyfluorene (2-, 3-, and 9-FLU), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR). Urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) was also analyzed and used in this study as an oxidative stress marker. Four UCLA never smoked researchers served as a control group. Their urine samples were also collected and analyzed following the same procedure that was administered to the taxi driver group. Results: Paired t tests were conducted to compare pre and post work shift samples from the taxi drivers, and the results showed no significant differences (p<0.05) between pre and post work shift urinary PAH metabolites and MDA levels. Taxi driver urinary MDA didn't show significant correlations with any analyzed urinary PAH metabolites. Comparing urinary MDA and monohydroxylated PAH metabolite levels, within the total of nine analyzed metabolites, four of the metabolite mean levels in the driver group were higher than the control group significantly with group t tests (p<0.05). These four metabolites were 1- and 2-NAP, 1-PYR and 9-FLU. No differences were detected for urinary MDA levels between the taxi driver and control groups. Conclusions: A mixed effect longitudinal model results showed the taxi driver 1-PYR levels were significantly affected by their work time ultrafine particle and PM2.5 exposure levels. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • Publisher:
    American Industrial Hygiene Association
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Funding:
    Grant
  • Genre:
    Abstract or Summary
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Pages in Document:
    88
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20055830
  • Citation:
    AIHce 2016: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition Pathways to Progress, May 21-26, 2016, Baltimore, Maryland. Falls Church, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2016 May; :88
  • Contact Point Address:
    N. Yu, Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2016
  • Performing Organization:
    University of California Los Angeles
  • Peer Reviewed:
    False
  • Start Date:
    20050701
  • Source Full Name:
    AIHce 2016: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition Pathways to Progress, May 21-26, 2016, Baltimore, Maryland
  • End Date:
    20270630
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:3e33394a3298605a5220cf74142880c2d8d809da5dfc63697ee85dda7a6a844d6a1427732396d369aaf4ec95562b54485060cc27b32aea28fc0618308a09a88f
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 352.54 KB ]
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