Dietary Interventions and Type 2 Diabetes in Youth: A Fresh Look at the Evidence

Details

• Personal Author:
  Adekanye JA ; de Oliveira Otto MC ; Perkison WB
• Description:
  PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The incidence of type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents has sharply increased, highly influenced by prevalence of obesity in youth. Here, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of diabetes, and summarize recent dietary interventions investigating effects of diet on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese youth. RECENT FINDINGS: Seven dietary interventions were identified randomly assigning participants to weekly or bi-weekly dietary counseling sessions over 12-24-week period, with mixed results. Four interventions showed significant reductions in fasting insulin and insulin resistance levels relative to baseline concentrations ranging from 26 to 50%. Recent evidence is mixed, with four studies showing improvements to insulin concentrations and insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents associated with energy restriction and/or change to carbohydrate consumption. Further work is needed to investigate long-term effects of dietary factors including carbohydrate quality and energy restriction on metabolic health and diabetes prevention early in life. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Diet Energy Metabolism Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety
• Keywords:
  Adolescents Author Keywords: Adolescents Children Diabetes Dietary Effects Dietary Interventions Health Effects Humans Metabolism Obesity Pathogenesis Risk Factors Weight Factors Youth

  More +
• ISSN:
  2161-3311
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 6 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  227-234
• Volume:
  7
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20052658
• Citation:
  Curr Nutr Rep 2018 Dec; 7(4):227-234
• Contact Point Address:
  Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, USA
• Email:
  marcia.c.otto@uth.tmc.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Current Nutrition Reports
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a1d2c1fbc259b2357ef9778c9fb0a30bf5684d60fc0e1e6d50306c09e0f40fa0d4769abb6d474e435a94ddade2f73a5f89a89947dadb0ba629395e3927c963e6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/212158/cdc_212158_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 354.91 KB ]