Effect of Low-Level CO2 on Innate Inflammatory Protein Response to Organic Dust from Swine Confinement Barns

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bailey KL ; DeVasure JM ; Romberger DJ ; Schneberger D ; Wyatt TA
• Description:
  Background: Organic hog barn dust (HDE) exposure induces lung inflammation and long-term decreases in lung function in agricultural workers. While concentrations of common gasses in confined animal facilities are well characterized, few studies have been done addressing if exposure to elevated barn gasses impacts the lung immune response to organic dusts. Given the well documented effects of hypercapnia at much higher levels we hypothesized that CO2 at 8 h exposure limit levels (5000 ppm) could alter innate immune responses to HDE. Methods: Using a mouse model, C57BL/6 mice were nasally instilled with defined barn dust extracts and then housed in an exposure box maintained at one of several CO2 levels for six hours. Bronchiolar lavage (BAL) was tested for several cytokines while lung tissue was saved for mRNA purification and immunohistochemistry. Results: Exposure to elevated CO2 significantly increased the expression of pro-inflammatory markers, IL-6 and KC, in BAL fluid as compared to dust exposure alone. Expression of other pro-inflammatory markers, such as ICAM-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), were also tested and showed similar increased expression upon HDE + CO2 exposure. A chemokine array analysis of BAL fluid revealed that MIP-1ã (CCL9) shows a similar increased response to HDE + CO2. Further testing showed CCL9 was significantly elevated by barn dust and further enhanced by CO2 co-exposure in a dose-dependent manner that was noticeable at the protein and mRNA levels. In all cases, except for ICAM-1, increases in tested markers in the presence of elevated CO2 were only significant in the presence of HDE as well. Conclusions: We show that even at mandated safe exposure limits, CO2 is capable of enhancing multiple markers of inflammation in response to HDE. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Blood Carbon Dioxide Dust Hematologic Tests Immune System Laboratories Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Agricultural Workers Animal Husbandry Workers Author Keywords: Carbon Dioxide Barn Dust Blood Gas Analysis Carbon Dioxide Cytokines Dust Exposure Hypercapnia Immune Reaction Laboratory Animals Organic Dusts Time Weighted Average Exposure

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• ISSN:
  1745-6673
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement ; Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Iowa ; Nebraska ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  9
• Volume:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20052049
• Citation:
  J Occup Med Toxicol 2017 Mar; 12:9
• Contact Point Address:
  Todd A. Wyatt, Research Service, Veterans Administration Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
• Email:
  twyatt@unmc.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon dioxide (CAS RN 124-38-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Nebraska Medical Center - Omaha
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20110901
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology
• End Date:
  20270831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:35395d08aa010cbf18c20d902b39a7fb5bb28249da4f2805a96a9a8e0e1c5ec84b8a8d3a5ec48dc22b010ce818902c02347de4a6aeb54c16a9d497dfbe54e9a0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211657/cdc_211657_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.08 MB ]