Size, Composition, and Source Profiles of Inhalable Bioaerosols from Colorado Dairies

Details

• Personal Author:
  Gilbert JA ; Gottel NR ; Hampton-Marcell JT ; Magzamen S ; Owens SM ; Reynolds S ; Schaeffer JW ; VanDyke A ; Volckens J
• Description:
  Particulate matter emissions from agricultural livestock operations contain both chemical and biological constituents that represent a potential human health hazard. The size and composition of these dusts, however, have not been well described. We evaluated the full size distribution (from 0 to 100 microm in aerodynamic diameter) and chemical/biological composition of inhalable dusts inside several Colorado dairy parlors. Four aerodynamic size fractions (<3, 3-10, 10-30, and >30 microm) were collected and analyzed using a combination of physiochemical techniques to understand the structure of bacterial communities and chemical constituents. Airborne particulate mass followed a bimodal size distribution (one mode at 3 microm and a second above 30 microm), which also correlated with the relative concentrations of the following microbiological markers: bacterial endotoxin, 3-hydroxy fatty acids, and muramic acid. Sequencing of the 16SrRNA components of this aerosol revealed a microbiome derived predominantly from animal sources. Bacterial genera included Staphlyococcus, Pseudomonas, and Streptococcus, all of which have proinflammatory and pathogenic capacity. Our results suggest that the size distribution of bioaerosols emitted by dairy operations extends well above 10 microm in diameter and contains a diverse mixture of potentially hazardous constituents and opportunistic pathogens. These findings should inform the development of more effective emissions control strategies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Bacteria Dairy Products Dust Endotoxins Livestock Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Agricultural Industry Animal Husbandry Workers Bacterial Dusts Bioaerosols Dairy Products Dust Exposure Fatty Acids Inhalation Livestock Industry Particle Aerodynamics Particle Size Particulates Pathogens

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• ISSN:
  0013-936X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant ; Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; Illinois ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 8
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  51
• Issue:
  11
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051643
• Citation:
  Environ Sci Technol 2017 Jun; 51(11):6430-6440
• Contact Point Address:
  Joshua W. Schaeffer, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681
• Email:
  Joshua.Schaeffer@colostate.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Colorado, Denver
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20070701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Science and Technology
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:96ed03f0012616e753776c24771ae20963693c13aa89446c8801ca057740e05c2181f8d4c81a999f8c83e6d354c6cadeb10bfeca2af70b25ec4fb59a86ceba09
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211500/cdc_211500_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.86 MB ]