Occupational Asthma Risk from Exposures to Toluene Diisocyanate: A Review and Risk Assessment

Details

• Personal Author:
  Daniels, Robert D.
• Description:
  Background: Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is a known respiratory sensitizer linked to occupational asthma (OA). To better manage worker risks, an appropriate characterization of the TDI-OA dose-risk relationship is needed. Methods: The literature was reviewed for data suitable for dose-response modeling. Previous study data were fit to models to derive prospective occupational exposure limits (OELs), using benchmark dose (BMD) and low-dose extrapolation approaches. Results: Data on eight TDI-exposed populations were suitable for analysis. There were 118 OA cases in a population contributing 13,590 person-years. The BMD-based OEL was 0.4 ppb. The OEL based on low-dose extrapolation to working lifetime extra risk of 1/1000 was 0.3 ppb. Conclusions: This study synthesized epidemiologic data to characterize the TDI-OA dose-risk relationship. This approach yielded prospective OEL estimates below recent recommendations by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, but given significant study limitations, this should be interpreted with caution. Confirmatory research is needed. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asthma, Occupational Epidemiology Isocyanates Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Toluene
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Dose-response Diisocyanates Dose Response Isocyanates Occupational Asthma Respiratory Sensitizers Risk Assessment Systematic Reviews Toluenes
• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  282-292
• Volume:
  61
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051014
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 2018 Apr; 61(4):282-292
• Contact Point Address:
  Robert D. Daniels, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 1090 Tusculum Avenue, Mailstop C-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  rtd2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Toluene diisocyanate (CAS RN 26471-62-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7a41d4cdf0a88d5a75b862dd5ecf9761982f5f4abb3aa5031309a799f88bc12f7511e4a26a3ff6705250fff33dd6e5f272cb88b64c7d46330d93c0c4177695e4
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211156/cdc_211156_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 490.32 KB ]