Pulmonary Toxicity Following Acute Coexposures to Diesel Particulate Matter and Alpha-Quartz Crystalline Silica in the Sprague-Dawley Rat

Details

• Personal Author:
  Antonini JM ; Barger MW ; Chen BT ; Farris BY ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Kashon ML ; Mercer RR ; Roach KA ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Schwegler-Berry D
• Description:
  The effects of acute pulmonary coexposures to silica and diesel particulate matter (DPM), which may occur in various mining operations, were investigated in vivo. Rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation (IT) to silica (50 or 233 µg), DPM (7.89 or 50 µg) or silica and DPM combined in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or to PBS alone (control). At one day, one week, one month, two months and three months postexposure bronchoalveolar lavage and histopathology were performed to assess lung injury, inflammation and immune response. While higher doses of silica caused inflammation and injury at all time points, DPM exposure alone did not. DPM (50 µg) combined with silica (233 µg) increased inflammation at one week and one-month postexposure and caused an increase in the incidence of fibrosis at one month compared with exposure to silica alone. To assess susceptibility to lung infection following coexposure, rats were exposed by IT to 233 ug silica, 50 µg DPM, a combination of the two or PBS control one week before intratracheal inoculation with 5 × 105 Listeria monocytogenes. At 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days following infection, pulmonary immune response and bacterial clearance from the lung were evaluated. Coexposure to DPM and silica did not alter bacterial clearance from the lung compared to control. Although DPM and silica coexposure did not alter pulmonary susceptibility to infection in this model, the study showed that noninflammatory doses of DPM had the capacity to increase silica-induced lung injury, inflammation and onset/incidence of fibrosis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Fibrosis Laboratories Lung Mining Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety Silicon Dioxide Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Crystalline Silica Crystalline Silica Diesel Emissions Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter Immune Response In Vivo Study Laboratory Animals Lung Tissue Mining Industry Occupational Exposure Particulates Pulmonary Fibrosis Pulmonary System

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• ISSN:
  0895-8378
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  322-339
• Volume:
  29
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050509
• Citation:
  Inhal Toxicol 2017 Jun; 29(7):322-339
• Contact Point Address:
  B.Y. Farris, CDC/NIOSH/HELD, 1095 Willowdale Rd., MS4020, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  wcq0@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Inhalation Toxicology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:373e69d389ae41e38b6d3fda5dcb5c5d263c40a1472770e856ba049b02cccf16861d3463db58cde704b9a110431202e506cbd1f95fa85ff5e561b4f8d510f1f1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210826/cdc_210826_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.86 MB ]