Models of Toxicity of Diacetyl and Alternative Diones

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brass DM ; Palmer SM
• Description:
  Diacetyl (DA; 2,3-butanedione), with the chemical formula (CH3CO)2 is a volatile organic compound with a deep yellow color and a strong buttery flavor and aroma. These properties have made DA a particularly useful and common food flavoring ingredient. However, because of this increased occupational use, workers can be exposed to high vapor concentrations in the workplace. Despite being listed by the USFDA to be 'generally regarded as safe' (GRAS), multiple lines of evidence suggest that exposure to high concentrations of DA vapor causes long-term impairments in lung function with lung function testing indicating evidence of either restrictive or obstructive airway narrowing in affected individuals. A growing number of pre-clinical studies have now addressed the short and long-term toxicity associated with DA exposure providing further insight into the toxicity of DA and related diones. This review summarizes these observations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Diacetyl Flavoring Agents Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  2-,3-Hexanedione Author Keywords: 2-,3-Pentanedione Bronchiolitis Obliterans Flavorings Food Additives Food Colors Lung Disorders Lung Function Lung Irritants Occupational Lung Disease Organic Compounds Popcorn Lung Respiratory System Disorders Toxic Effects Toxic Vapors Volatiles

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• ISSN:
  0300-483X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  15-20
• Volume:
  388
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050239
• Citation:
  Toxicology 2017 Aug; 388:15-20
• Contact Point Address:
  David M. Brass, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
• Email:
  david.brass@duke.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,3-Hexanedione (CAS RN 3848-24-6) ; Butanedione (CAS RN 431-03-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20140901
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology
• End Date:
  20160831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ea741c8af9648d5c6c3fc79ccaea348c2c94876b1e643e9253952e895cff33e78c019977b7c48711425d6c09208363a1ab9e4284c5c5fc0aa0f6dd037ae144cb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210665/cdc_210665_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 373.61 KB ]