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Ins and Outs in Environmental and Occupational Safety Studies of Asthma and Engineered Nanomaterials

Public Domain


Details

  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 25 million Americans suffer from asthma. The disease total annual cost is about $56 billion and includes both the direct and indirect costs of medications, hospital stays, missed work, and decreased productivity. Air pollution with xenobiotics, bacterial agents, and industrial nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, contribute to the exacerbation of this condition and are a point of particular attention in environmental toxicology as well as in occupational health and safety research. Mast cell degranulation and activation of Th2 cells triggered either by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) or by alternative mechanisms, such as locally produced neurotransmitters, underlie the pathophysiological process of airway constriction during an asthma attack. Other immune and non-immune cell types, including basophils, eosinophils, Th1, Th17, Th9, macrophages, dendritic cells, and smooth muscle cells, are involved in the inflammatory and allergic responses during asthma, which, under chronic conditions, may progress without mast cells, the key trigger of the acute asthma attack. To decipher complex molecular, cellular, and genetic mechanisms, many researchers have attempted to develop in vitro and in vivo models to study asthma. Herein, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various models and their applicability to nanoparticle evaluation in asthma research. We further suggest that a framework for both in vitro and in vivo methods should be used to study the impact of engineered nanomaterials on asthma etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • ISSN:
    1936-0851
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Genre:
    Journal Article
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Division:
    HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Volume:
    11
  • Issue:
    8
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20050184
  • Citation:
    ACS Nano 2017 Aug; 11(8):7565-7571
  • Contact Point Address:
    Valerian E. Kagan, Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Chemistry and Radiation Oncology and Center for Free and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
  • Email:
    ats1@cdc.gov
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2017
  • NORA Priority Area:
    Mining
  • Peer Reviewed:
    True
  • Source Full Name:
    ACS Nano
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:61f54e72c1479cf88a6b0595c32dcdedfcd60f70dff1cb58e824b1fac70dc3f3cc6e722f7d31960b9cb4613822ffa82eee1aba928e8c033ed707a844045e94a2
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 317.65 KB ]
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