Air Pollution Particulate Matter Collected from an Appalachian Mountaintop Mining Site Induces Microvascular Dysfunction

Details

• Personal Author:
  Esch L ; Hendryx M ; Knuckles TL ; McCawley M ; Minarchick VC ; Nurkiewicz TR ; Stapleton PA
• Description:
  Objective: Air pollution PM is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Appalachia, PM from mining may represent a health burden to this sensitive population that leads the nation in cardiovascular disease, among others. Cardiovascular consequences following inhalation of PMMTM are unclear, but must be identified to establish causal effects. Methods: PM was collected within 1 mile of an active MTM site in southern WV. The PM was extracted and was primarily <10 um in diameter (PM10), consisting largely of sulfur (38%) and silica (24%). Adult male rats were IT with 300 ug PMMTM. Twenty-four hours following exposure, rats were prepared for intravital microscopy, or isolated arteriole experiments. Results: PMMTM exposure blunted endothelium-dependent dilation in mesenteric and coronary arterioles by 26%, and 25%, respectively, as well as endothelium-independent dilation. In vivo, PMMTM exposure inhibited endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation (60% reduction). a-adrenergic receptor blockade inhibited PVNS-induced vasoconstriction in exposed animals compared with sham. Conclusions: These data suggest that PMMTM exposure impairs microvascular function in disparate microvascular beds, through alterations in NO-mediated dilation and sympathetic nerve influences. Microvascular dysfunction may contribute to cardiovascular disease in regions with MTM sites. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Animals Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Environmental Exposure Laboratories Mining Morbidity Mortality Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety Silicon Dioxide Sulfur Compounds

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• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System Disease Cardiovascular System Disorders Exposure Levels Laboratory Animals Microscopy Mining Industry Morbidity Rates Mortality Rates Particulates Silica Sulfur Compounds

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• ISSN:
  1073-9688
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  158-169
• Volume:
  20
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049533
• Citation:
  Microcirculation 2013 Feb; 20(2):158-169
• Contact Point Address:
  Timothy R. Nurkiewicz, Ph.D., Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
• Email:
  tnurkiewicz@hsc.wvu.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9) ; Sulfur (CAS RN 7704-34-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• Performing Organization:
  West Virginia University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Microcirculation
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6e9667826297d07836e4e78d39580fb7adf5731e4591fa8d912b449d4e29ea3b4fbab0462883b308f949af5c7fb799fc84c3716c90970c50489345263edf65fd
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210284/cdc_210284_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 501.90 KB ]