Why Has Gastroschisis Increased over Time and Why Is It More Common in Infants of Young Mothers?

Details

• Personal Author:
  Canfield MA ; Langlois RH ; Moore CA ; Petersen JM ; Shaw GM ; Smith-Webb RS ; Werler MM
• Corporate Authors:
  National Birth Defects Prevention Network
• Description:
  Background: Although many factors are associated with gastroschisis risk, studies have not systematically explored whether they account for its increasing frequency over the past decades or its inverse association with maternal age. We examined whether previously reported risk factors for gastroschisis from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) explain the association with increasing temporal prevalence or young maternal age. Methods: Using data from the NBDPS (1997-2011), crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for birth years 2005-2011 versus 1997-2004 and maternal age < 25 versus 25+ years. We then adjusted for 16 factors separately with logistic regression (paternal age, interpregnancy interval, parity, alcohol, cigarettes, illicit drugs, oral contraceptives, cold/flu with fever, genitourinary infection, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, diet quality, prepregnancy body mass index, parental race and ethnicity, language spoken at home, years lived in the United States, and household income). Results: The birth year OR (1.28; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.44) was attenuated by 16% after adjustment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure (OR 1.08; 95 CI: 0.92, 1.26). The young maternal age OR (7.76; 95% CI: 6.71, 8.97) was attenuated by 30% after adjustment for paternal age (OR 5.43; 95% CI: 4.55, 6.48) and separately for interpregnancy interval (OR 5.45; 95% CI: 4.43, 6.69). Conclusion: Some evidence suggests that risk factors for gastroschisis account for small amounts of the time trend and maternal age associations. However, it remains unclear what factors underlie the complete calendar time or maternal age associations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Digestive System Digestive System Diseases Epidemiology Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Age Factors Author Keywords: Birth Defects Birth Defects Congenital Abnormalities Gastrointestinal System Disorders Gastroschisis Maternal Age Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons Time Trends
• ISSN:
  2472-1727
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Contract
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Atlanta Region [OSHA] ; Boston Region [OSHA] ; California ; Chicago Region [OSHA] ; Dallas Region [OSHA] ; Georgia ; Massachusetts ; Ohio ; Philadelphia Region [OSHA] ; San Francisco Region [OSHA] ; Texas ; Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  117
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20070562
• Citation:
  Birth Defects Res 2025 Feb; 117(2):e2436
• Contact Point Address:
  Rashida S. Smith-Webb, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
• Email:
  rsmithw@bu.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2025
• Performing Organization:
  Battelle
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20011001
• Source Full Name:
  Birth Defects Research
• End Date:
  20060630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:89b377e504864120c0a7f5ac534ec579c18c172d90883404f1fecf074a34c06701ff9b591bb5ee69a5df9fabdb5cd457b4169f0439d4bc6396991090a497900d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/208745/cdc_208745_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 220.94 KB ]