New Mechanisms in Diisocyanate-Mediated Allergy/Toxicity: Are microRNAs in Play?

Details

• Personal Author:
  Hettick JM ; Law, Brandon F. ; Lin C-C
• Description:
  Purpose of review: To describe recent findings of diisocyanate-mediated mechanisms in allergy and toxicology by addressing the role of microRNA (miR) in immune responses that may contribute to the development of occupational asthma (OA). Recent findings: Studies of diisocyanate asthma have traditionally focused on the immune and inflammatory patterns associated with diisocyanate exposures; however, recognized knowledge gaps exist regarding the detailed molecular mechanism(s) of pathogenesis. Recent studies demonstrate the critical role endogenous microRNAs play as gene regulators in maintaining homeostasis of the human body, and in the pathophysiology of many diseases including asthma. Given that diisocyanate-OA shares many pathophysiological characteristics with asthma, it is likely that miR-mediated mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of diisocyanate-OA. Recent reports have shown that changes in expression of endogenous miRs are associated with exposure to the occupationally relevant diisocyanates, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). Continued mechanistic study of these relevant miRs may lead to the development of novel biomarkers of occupational exposure and/or provide efficacious targets for therapeutic strategies in diisocyanate asthma. Summary: The molecular mechanisms underlying diisocyanate-OA pathophysiology are heterogeneous and complicated. In this review, we highlight recent research into the roles and potential regulation of miRs in diisocyanate-OA. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asthma, Occupational Hypersensitivity Immune System Isocyanates Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Allergic Reactions Author Keywords: 4,4'-methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Diisocyanates Gene Expression Immune Reaction MicroRNA Molecular Biology Occupational Asthma Pathogenesis Physiopathology Toluene Diisocyanate

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• ISSN:
  1528-4050
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Philadelphia Region [OSHA] ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  75-82
• Volume:
  25
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20070261
• Citation:
  Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2025 Apr; 25(2):75-82
• Contact Point Address:
  Chen-Chung Lin, PhD, NIOSH/HELD/ACIB, 1095 Willowdale Rd., MS L4020, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  mjy2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (CAS RN 101-68-8) ; Toluene diisocyanate (CAS RN 26471-62-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2025
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:df18c314ce659954da2c7eb4a07692876b9284959269e1d62b919071ee34b710475b41e6cf6890b90705bd8bda2f37d6c304deae14543733cd7ea4ae172246f9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/208508/cdc_208508_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.92 MB ]