Exposure to Emissions Generated by 3-Dimensional Printing with Polycarbonate: Effects on Peripheral Vascular Function, Cardiac Vascular Morphology and Expression of Markers of Oxidative Stress in Male Rat Cardiac Tissue

Details

• Personal Author:
  Burns D ; Farcas M ; Hammer MA ; Jackson M ; Knepp A ; Krajnak, Kristine M. ; LeBouf, Ryan F. ; Matheson J ; McKinney W ; Qian Y ; Richardson D ; Thomas T ; Waugh, Stacey
• Description:
  Three-dimensional (3D) printing with polycarbonate (PC) plastic occurs in manufacturing settings, homes, and schools. Emissions generated during printing with PC stock and bisphenol-A (BPA), an endocrine disrupter in PC, may induce adverse health effects. Inhalation of 3D printer emissions, and changes in endocrine function may lead to cardiovascular dysfunction. The goal of this study was to determine whether there were any changes in markers of peripheral or cardiovascular dysfunction in animals exposed to PC-emissions. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to PC-emissions generated by 3D printing for 1, 4, 8, 15 or 30 d. Exposure induced a reduction in the expression of the antioxidant catalase (Cat) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNos). Endothelin and hypoxia-induced factor 1a transcripts increased after 30 d. Alterations in transcription were associated with elevations in immunostaining for estrogen and androgen receptors, nitrotyrosine, and vascular endothelial growth factor in cardiac arteries of PC-emission exposed animals. There was also a reduction eNOS immunostaining in cardiac arteries from rats exposed to PC-emissions. Histological analyses of heart sections revealed that exposure to PC-emissions resulted in vasoconstriction of cardiac arteries and thickening of the vascular smooth muscle wall, suggesting there was a prolonged vasoconstriction. These findings are consistent with studies showing that inhalation 3D-printer emissions affect cardiovascular function. Although BPA levels in animals were relatively low, exposure-induced changes in immunostaining for estrogen and androgen receptors in cardiac arteries suggest that changes in the action of steroid hormones may have contributed to the alterations in morphology and markers of cardiac function. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Histology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Plastics Printing, Three-Dimensional Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  3D Printing Animal Studies Author Keywords: Inhalation Cardiovascular Function Cardiovascular Morphology Emission Sources Endocrine Function Inhalation Studies Oxidative Stress Particulate Matter Particulates Polycarbonate Emissions Three-dimensional (3D) Printing Three Dimensional Printing

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• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  87
• Issue:
  13
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20069656
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024 Jul; 87(13):541-559
• Contact Point Address:
  Kristine Krajnak, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Fredrick Lane, Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
• Email:
  ksk1@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Polycarbonates (CAS RN 25766-59-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2024
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4b6b103cdf24b9669e2df717544996de7cc233aa6a9325eac103437fc9e9041805e924b15746acf9e7c48adb89cb77a974bcf8b07975d58a48486e4ee4c4e8ac
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/208040/cdc_208040_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 6.94 MB ]