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Maternal Nano-Titanium Dioxide Inhalation Exposure Increases Female Placental Cyclooxygenase and Xanthine Oxidoreductase Production

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  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Background and Purpose: Maternal nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) inhalation exposure during gestation decreases fetal female pup mass, placental mass, and placental hemodynamics. Fetal sex impacts fetal growth, along with placental function and efficiency. Males have increased fetal growth, whereas females have increased placental adaptability and oxidation-reduction capacity. Reactive oxygen species imbalance and toxicant exposure both negatively impact fetal development in a sexually dimorphic manner. Oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and antioxidants, such as catalase, have been shown to influence cyclooxygenase activity, specifically prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane (TXA2). Therefore, we hypothesized that maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure during gestation alters placental production of prostacyclin and thromboxane mediated by enhanced hydrogen peroxide production in a sexually dimorphic manner. Methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to nano-TiO2 aerosols (12.17 +/- 1.69 mg/m3) or HEPA-filtered air (sham-control) from gestational day (GD) 10-19. Dams were euthanized on GD 20 and fetal serum and placental tissue were collected based on fetal sex. Placental zones (junctional (JZ) and labyrinth (LZ)) were assessed for xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity, H2O2, catalase activity, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1a. Results: Fetal female LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams had significantly increased XOR activity compared to fetal male LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams (4.83 +/- 0.44 vs 3.41 +/- 0.40 mU/mg protein). Catalase activity in fetal female LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams was significantly decreased compared to fetal female LZ from sham-control dams (159.31 +/- 55.43 vs 346.05 +/- 41.99 µU/mg of protein). Catalase activity for the fetal male LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams was not different compared to fetal male LZ from sham-control dams. Fetal female LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams had increased abundance of 6-keto-PGF1a compared to fetal female LZ from sham-control dams (394.05 +/- 124.10 vs 93.17 +/- 24.45 pg/ mg protein). TXB2 was significantly increased in fetal female LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams compared to their male counterparts (1186.48 +/- 189.92 vs 598.39 +/- 135.69 pg/mg protein). LZ TXB2 levels were not different for male LZ from nano-TiO2 exposed dams or the sham-control dams. Conclusions: These results indicate that gestational maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure has a greater impact on the female, specifically in the LZ. These changes in oxidants and PGI2/TXA2 may underlie the decreased fetal growth seen in previous studies and could impact health outcomes into the adult life of these females. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • ISSN:
    1096-6080
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Genre:
    Abstract or Summary
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Division:
    HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Volume:
    198
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20069344
  • Citation:
    Toxicologist 2024 Mar; 198(S1):362
  • CAS Registry Number:
    Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7)
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2024
  • NORA Priority Area:
    Construction
  • Peer Reviewed:
    False
  • Source Full Name:
    The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2024, Salt Lake City, Utah
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:12e9a8f4c9f646cdd5b000c19205d3e1bb38dbce7993a524518ab192a5559db68f2ae51e55a7eebea78821f3d8ddd5a79e6ba50d90a8bac78ae4b2cb1e63bf68
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 542.84 KB ]
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