Cognitive Impact of Exposure to Airborne Particles Captured by Brain Imaging

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ambrosi C ; Azmoun S ; Bromet EJ ; Chambers JW ; Clouston SAP ; Corbo D ; Diaz YF ; Gandy S ; Gasparotti R ; Horton M ; Lucchini RG ; Luft BJ ; Mascaro L ; Paghera B ; Placidi D ; Rodella C ; Tang CY ; Tieu K
• Description:
  Brain imaging can reveal specific characteristics of Cognitive Impairment (CI) related to neurotoxicant exposure. Unique brain characteristic patterns of CI have been revealed among World Trade Center (WTC) responders to the 9/11 terrorist attack, compared to other signatures, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Diffuse brain atrophy, reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volume analyses suggest that reductions in specific subregions are specifically associated with the duration of WTC exposure. These findings support the hypothesis that WTC exposure to neurotoxicants and intense psychological trauma are causing long-term neurodegenerative impacts. The neuro-phenotype of this impairment is distinct from the AD and inconsistent with signatures developed for other known neurodegenerative diseases. The World Trade Center Cognitive Impairment (WTC-CI) may be a WTC-specific encephalopathy with an unknown etiology characterized by widespread cortical atrophy. Applying similar brain imaging modalities, a diffuse brain deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide was observed among ferroalloy workers with prolonged occupational exposure to manganese. These two case studies provide further evidence of how modern brain imaging can improve understanding of relevant mechanisms of neurotoxicity after long term exposure to neurotoxicants. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Nervous System Occupational Health Safety September 11 Terrorist Attacks Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
• Keywords:
  Airborne Particles Brain Matter Cognitive Function Imaging Techniques Neurotoxicology Traumatic Incident Stress World Trade Center WTC
• ISBN:
  9780128191767
• ISSN:
  2468-7480
• Publisher:
  Academic Press
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  29-45
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20068548
• Citation:
  Occupational neurotoxicity. Advances in neurotoxicology, volume 7. Lucchini RG, Aschner M, Costa LG, eds. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, 2022 Jul; 7:29-45
• Email:
  roberto.lucchini@unibs.it
• Editor(s):
  Lucchini RG; Aschner M; Costa LG
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20160901
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational neurotoxicity. Advances in neurotoxicology, volume 7
• End Date:
  20200831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c129e89d44d7ebb5c3caad087793d09e9e7ad71c2defe5a615d3c0ad997bd32724bc5fa96ed52a4a9b520ce8a28ce789e394cfba7d3117e8f984f80d46559a2b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/207159/cdc_207159_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 619.06 KB ]