Sensory irritation, pulmonary irritation, and acute lethality of a polymeric isocyanate and sensory irritation of 2,6-toluene diisocyanate

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alarie Y ; Rodney BS ; Weyel DA
• Description:
  The sensory irritation, pulmonary irritation, and acute lethality of a polymeric isocyanate (DES-N) and 2,6-toluene-diisocyanate (91087) (26TDI) were studied in mice. DES-N was based on hexamethylene- diisocyanate (822060) (HDI). Male Swiss-Webster-mice were exposed to 0 to 131 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) DES-N for 3 hours by inhalation or tracheal instillation and the effects on respiration rate were monitored. Chamber air samples were collected and analyzed for HDI. Mice were exposed to DES-N for 4 hours and mortality was recorded. The lungs were removed from some animals 2, 4, or 24 hours after exposure and weighed. Mice were exposed to 0 to 7.6mg/m3 26TDI vapor and the effect on respiratory rate were monitored. Mice exposed to 25 to 131mg/m3 DES-N showed a progressive decrease in respiration rate, the concentration necessary for reducing the respiration rate by 50 percent (RD50) being 57.1mg/m3. In mice exposed by tracheal instillation, no effect on respiration rate was seen until 60 to 120 minutes after exposure started. This indicated that the effect of DES-N on respiration rate was primarily irritative in nature affecting both the upper and lower respiratory tract. The median lethal concentration of DES-N was 91.2mg/m3. The DES-N concentration required to increase lung weight by 50 percent was 45mg/m3. HDI was detected in all chamber air samples. Its mean concentration was consistently 0.35 percent for DES-N concentrations of 25 to 131mg/m3. 26TDI decreased the respiration rate, the RD50 being 1.8mg/m3. The primary mechanism for this action was sensory irritation rather than pulmonary irritation. The authors conclude that DES-N decreases respiratory rate primarily as a result of pulmonary irritation. The threshold limit value for 26TDI should be set equal to that for 2,4-toluene-diisocyanate, 0.04mg/m3. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Isocyanates Laboratories Mortality Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Dose-response In-vivo-studies Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Mortality-rates NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication Physiological-response Pulmonary-system-disorders
• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  423-430
• Volume:
  64
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00186815
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1982 Jul; 64(3):423-430
• Contact Point Address:
  Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh 130 DE Soto Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213
• CAS Registry Number:
  Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0) ; Toluene 2,6-diisocyanate (CAS RN 91-08-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1982
• NORA Priority Area:
  Pulmonary System Disorders
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19711001
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• End Date:
  19860531
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0a7adc3522bd17ad706ecc9c0dd0da7cd811c1c40703794d308edf162d2885a1c426047a49139b12c184f9d799eb9f94771056195ec028fb9acfa692b05984eb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/205578/cdc_205578_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 583.72 KB ]