Freshly fractured silica exerts greater toxicity to lung macrophages than aged dust: organosilane (Prosil 28) coating markedly reduces dust toxicity to cells

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Dalal NS ; Dyke K ; Kang JH ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  Based on the finding that freshly ground silica (14808607)is more cytotoxic to and a more potent activator of alveolar macrophages than aged silica, additional work was done to examine the protective effect of Prosil-28 (81138650) on silica toxicity. The cytotoxic effects were determined by monitoring the silica induced decline in membrane integrity of alveolar macrophages. Both freshly ground and aged ground silica caused dose dependent membrane damage over the 2 week study. Viability after treatment with the fresh silica was 41%+/-9% of control levels compared to 83%+/-1% of control levels following treatment with aged silica. Both silica samples caused significant activation of hydrogen-peroxide secretion, but the fresh was 50% more potent in this regard. The ability of ground silica to induce chemiluminescence generation from alveolar macrophages quickly declined with storage. Silica stored for 1 or 2 days was only 39% or 18%, respectively, as great at stimulating alveolar macrophages than was the fresh silica. Coating freshly ground silica with Prosil-28 effectively prevented the cytotoxicity of the dust. Coating caused a 75% decline in the ability of silica to lyse red blood cells, causes protection of viable alveolar macrophages assayed by propidium fluorescence, and decreased the degree of silica induced chemiluminescence. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Coal Dust Mining Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide
• Keywords:
  Airborne-dusts Coal-dust Coatings Dust-exposure Dust-inhalation Mining-industry Respiratory-system-disorders Silica-dusts
• ISBN:
  9780873350983
• Publisher:
  Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc.
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  117-119
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00232612
• Citation:
  Respirable dust in the mineral industries, proceedings of the 3rd symposium on respirable dust in the mineral industries, October 17-19, 1990, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Frantz RL, Ramani RV, eds. Littleton, CO: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., 1991 Jan; :117-119
• Contact Point Address:
  V. Vallyathan, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505
• CAS Registry Number:
  Prosil 28 (CAS RN 81138-65-0) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Editor(s):
  Frantz RL; Ramani RV
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1991
• Performing Organization:
  West Virginia University
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Respirable dust in the mineral industries, proceedings of the 3rd symposium on respirable dust in the mineral industries, October 17-19, 1990, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:38dc42449ab19d80510694f727de61d17a5b88427ab4bb305229cf371c5726dcd15a7e6b44b7f5427d5e49e2954ea56fe361273f9e06a57f7d49be931ba7a3d6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/204798/cdc_204798_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.87 MB ]