Evaluating the current evidence for hazard- and risk-based OEL categories of nanomaterials

Details

• Personal Author:
  Kuempel, Eileen D.
• Description:
  The goal of recent risk assessments of nanomaterials is to develop predictive models for occupational health decision-making based on hazard categories. Data needed for these analyses include quantitative dose and response endpoints across various types of nanomaterials, as well as physicochemical factors that may influence the toxicity (e.g., size, shape, chemical composition, solubility, surface reactivity). An ongoing NIOSH risk assessment strategy for nanomaterials involves the systematic review and development of datasets from studies in humans, animals and cell systems following exposure to nanoscale and microscale particles. Comparative potency analyses of nanomaterials to benchmark particles in tiered assays (in vitro, in vivo acute, in vivo subchronic/chronic) provide a framework for examination of endpoints of relevance to workers, including pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis, and the utilization of a broad array of experimental evidence. Challenges in these meta-analyses includes heterogeneity due to experimental design differences, limited reporting of quantitative dose-response data (especially for chronic health endpoints), few dose groups, and missing data for key parameters. Results of analyses of rodent data on acute pulmonary inflammation response to various types of nanoscale titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes included the identification of three nanomaterial hazard groups, which were approximately four to 200 times more potent (based on mass lung dose) than a fourth group with a microscale reference particle. Derived occupation exposure limits (OELs) based on such hazard groups may be useful for making initial exposure control decisions for nanomaterials without individual OELs. Disclaimer - The findings and conclusions in this abstract have not been formally disseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Chemistry Environmental Exposure Fibrosis Hazardous Substances Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Titanium Workplace

  More +
• Keywords:
  Carbon Nanotubes Chemical Composition Chemical Hazards Exposure Levels Hazards In Vitro Study Laboratory Animals Models Nanomaterials Nanoscale Nanotechnology Occupational Exposure Limits OELs Particulates Physiological Factors Pulmonary Function Pulmonary System Pulmonary System Disorders Risk Assessment Risk Factors Titanium Dioxide Toxins Work Environment Workers Zinc Oxide

  More +
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049115
• Citation:
  Society for Risk Analysis annual meeting, December 11-15, 2016, San Diego, California. McLean, Virginia, Society for Risk Analysis, 2016 Dec; :72
• Email:
  ekuempel@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6) ; Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7) ; Zinc oxide (ZnO) (CAS RN 1314-13-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Society for Risk Analysis annual meeting, December 11-15, 2016, San Diego, California
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:14a5db62d81d379d44d0cb75934bbe8922174cb668871ffd993a866f2f843c3c5429f023302ac3e766153f9d3ba4e894329f6631c34d4d8f349c954a2a29f12b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203683/cdc_203683_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 225.97 KB ]