Hazard and risk assessment of workplace exposure to engineered nanoparticles: methods, issues, and carbon nanotube case study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Kuempel, Eileen D.
• Description:
  This chapter provides an update on the state of the science of hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials, focusing on pulmonary and cardiovascular endpoints of relevance to workers. Toxicology and toxicokinetic studies that provide quantitative dose and response data are used to characterize the potential health hazard and estimate the risk of airborne exposure to nanomaterials in the workplace. Standard risk assessment methods are described and applied to case study examples of carbon nanotubes. The data used are from subchronic inhalation studies in rats and include estimated lung doses and observed pulmonary responses of inflammation and fibrosis. Considerations in the application of these data and methods to derive occupational exposures limits (OELs) are discussed, and the influence of alternative methods and assumptions on the derived OELs is described. Future research needs include the evaluation of possible adverse effects beyond the lungs and the development of predictive models using alternative experimental systems. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Occupational Health Radiation Dosimeters Risk Assessment Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Nanomaterials Dose Response Dosimetry Hazard Assessment Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Occupational Exposure Limits Quantitative Analysis Quantitative Risk Assessment Risk Analysis

  More +
• ISBN:
  9780323353236
• Publisher:
  William Andrew
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  45-82
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049113
• Citation:
  Assessing nanoparticle risks to human health, 2nd edition. Ramachandran G, ed. Oxford: William Andrew, 2016 Feb; :45-82
• Editor(s):
  Ramachandran G
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Assessing nanoparticle risks to human health, 2nd edition
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3d9260b423d5954d9e8ddeb8c8835632ded2ff473b5a12a5754e51a4bbe97f562155cfb519ecb696bd0add33614cc1047191b067ad5967c47ad6f1b90cc53d03
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203681/cdc_203681_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.50 MB ]