Determination of VOC emission rates and compositions for offset printing

Details

• Personal Author:
  Conroy LM ; Franks JE ; Keil CB ; Scheff PA ; Wadden RA
• Description:
  The release rates of volatile organic compounds (VOC) as fugitive emissions from offset printing are difficult to quantify, and the compositions are usually not known. Tests were conducted at three offset printing shops that varied in size and by process. In each case, the building shell served as the test "enclosure," and air flow and concentration measurements were made at each air entry and exit point. Emission rates and VOC composition were determined during production for (1) a small shop containing three sheetfed presses and two spirit duplicators (36,700 sheets, 47,240 envelopes and letterheads), (2) a medium-size industrial in-house shop with two webfed and three sheetfed presses, and one spirit duplicator (315,130 total sheets), and (3) one print room of a large commercial concern containing three webfed, heatset operations (1.16 x 106 ft) served by catalytic air pollution control devices. Each test consisted of 12 one-hour periods over two days. Air samples were collected simultaneously during each period at 7-14 specified locations within each space. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) for total VOC and for 13-19 individual organics. Samples of solvents used at each shop were also analyzed by GC. Average VOC emission rates were 4.7-6.1 kg/day for the small sheetfed printing shop, 0.4-0.9 kg/day for the industrial shop, and 79-82 kg/day for the commercial print room. Emission compositions were similar and included benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzene, and hexane. Comparison of the emission rates with mass balance estimates based on solvent usage and composition were quite consistent. The average compositions of emissions from these tests were much more detailed than has been previously available, but they agreed well with previous chemical fingerprint values for toluene and o-xylene, which have been successfully applied to source-receptor modeling for graphic arts. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Chromium Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety Ventilation Volatile Organic Compounds Workplace
• Keywords:
  Airborne-particles Control-technology Hexavalent-chromium-compounds Industrial-hygiene Occupational-exposure Printing Industry Printing Inks Ventilation-systems VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds Workplace-studies

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• ISSN:
  1096-2247
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  45
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20048077
• Citation:
  J Air Waste Manage Assoc 1995 Jul; 45(7):547-555
• Contact Point Address:
  Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
• CAS Registry Number:
  Benzene (CAS RN 71-43-2) ; Ethylbenzene (CAS RN 100-41-4) ; Hexane (CAS RN 110-54-3) ; Toluene (CAS RN 108-88-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Performing Organization:
  University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19901201
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association
• End Date:
  19941130
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e7a88d6025ba3e81d4f1ed8456ed4dd3bed8e95ee91b7a317f84d7b6dc05b8c130ffc2f4201ef15c7ca6e029429f47eda5100b9d2d22c1b6ad74bb5a7334c709
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202943/cdc_202943_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.40 MB ]