An evaluation of genotoxicity from as-produced and post-production modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bishop L ; Bonner J ; Erdely A ; Kashon M ; Lowry D ; McClure C ; Mitchell C ; Parsons G ; Reynolds S ; Sargent L ; Siegrist K
• Description:
  Companies synthesize or purchase bulk as-produced multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AP-MW) and apply coatings such as polymers (PC-MW) or aluminum oxide (AL-MW). The aim of this study was to measure the genotoxic response of three AP-MW (1, 2 & 3) and their coated counterparts (PC-MW 1 & 2 and AL-MW 3) to determine the effect of coating. Genotoxicity was measured via micronuclei assay with pancentromere staining and two-color cell cycle analysis. Pancentromere staining determined whether the DNA damage is clastogenic (chromosome breakage) or aneugenic (whole chromosome gain or loss). Immortalized human lung epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, were exposed to all MW for 24 hours. Significant necrosis was measured for all but AP-MW1 at the highest dose, 24 microg/cm2. Exposure to the lowest and most occupationally-relevant dose, 0.024 microg/cm2, of AL-MW was also significantly necrotic. Tunel assay of cells exposed to 2.4 microg/cm2 MW for 24 hours showed no evidence of apoptosis. All but PC-MW2 produced increased amounts of micronuclei after exposure to 24 microg/cm2 for 24 hours; AP-MW2 and APMW3 had greater micronuclei than their coated counterparts. All MW produced increased amounts of micronuclei after exposure to 2.4 microg/cm2 for 24 hours, however differences from the effect of coating cannot be detected at this time. Pancentromere staining indicated AL-MW to be a clastogen at the 2.4 microg/cm2 dose, while all other MW induced a combination of clastogenic and aneugenic effects. Preliminary two-color cell cycle analysis showed no evidence of cell cycle disruption after 24 hour treatment to 2.4 microg/cm2 MW. In order to determine the effect of coating on the genotoxic response, further analysis of the mitotic spindle and separation of genetic material leading to aneuploidy is required. However, this preliminary evaluation indicates that human lung epithelial cells exposed to AP-MW and their coated counterparts produces a genotoxic response. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aluminum Compounds Aluminum Oxide Cells, Cultured Chromosomes Environmental Exposure Lung Occupational Health Polymers Respiratory System Safety Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Aluminum Oxide Carbon Cell Cultures Cell Culture Techniques Cell Cycle Chromosome Damage Clastogens Coatings DNA Damage Dose Response Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Genotoxic Effects Genotoxicity Humans Lung Cells Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes MWCNT Nanotechnology Nanotubes Nucleic Acids

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Louisiana ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 6 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  150
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20047712
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2016 Mar; 150(1):419
• CAS Registry Number:
  Alumina (CAS RN 1344-28-1) ; Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 55th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 13-17, 2016, New Orleans, Louisiana
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4029948d74650be8c3913cb85a983b4cc25ad9330359425dc45b7cd74cbc5b1f035509596b6b6939780cdbab955eaaf5919b16700d58dba54e77852c18f7f505
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202712/cdc_202712_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 441.98 KB ]