Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposure of human cultured airway epithelial cells: ion transport effects and metabolism of butter flavoring agents

Details

• Personal Author:
  Case SL ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Goldsmith WT ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shimko MJ ; Thompson JA ; Wells JR ; Willard PA ; Zaccone EJ
• Description:
  Inhalation of butter flavoring by workers in the microwave popcorn industry may result in "popcorn workers' lung." In previous in vivo studies rats exposed for 6 h to vapor from the flavoring agents, diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione, acquired flavoring concentration-dependent damage of the upper airway epithelium and airway hyporeactivity to inhaled methacholine. Because ion transport is essential for lung fluid balance, we hypothesized that alterations in ion transport may be an early manifestation of butter flavoring-induced toxicity. We developed a system to expose cultured human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells (NHBEs) to flavoring vapors. NHBEs were exposed for 6 h to diacetyl or 2,3-pentanedione vapors (25 or >/= 60 ppm) and the effects on short circuit current and transepithelial resistance (Rt) were measured. Immediately after exposure to 25 ppm both flavorings reduced Na+ transport, without affecting Cl- transport or Na+,K+-pump activity. Rt was unaffected. Na+ transport recovered 18 h after exposure. Concentrations (100-360 ppm) of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione reported earlier to give rise in vivo to epithelial damage, and 60 ppm, caused death of NHBEs 0 h post-exposure. Analysis of the basolateral medium indicated that NHBEs metabolize diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione to acetoin and 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone, respectively. The results indicate that ion transport is inhibited transiently in airway epithelial cells by lower concentrations of the flavorings than those that result in morphological changes of the cells in vivo or in vitro. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Diacetyl Flavoring Agents Food-Processing Industry Lung Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  2,3-Pentanedione Author Keywords: Diacetyl Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose Reductase Exposure Assessment Flavorings Food Processing Workers Human Airway Epithelial Cells Inhalation Studies Ion Transport Lung Cells Morphology Vapor Exposure

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  289
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046927
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015 Dec; 289(3):542-549
• Contact Point Address:
  Jeffrey S. Fedan, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,3-Pentanedione (CAS RN 600-14-6) ; Butanedione (CAS RN 431-03-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Mining ; Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f79f1f9f64716a88c7a7da2300c5b019fb0a8e62cae44f586ccbea3131441df484adc64da904f32993d0ba5b7e88d153243a059ebb15c768e6d6c71a5e7cb53a
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202186/cdc_202186_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.08 MB ]