Relative effectiveness of impactor sampling among six airborne viruses

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abin M ; Appert J ; Chander Y ; Ge S ; Goyal S ; Guarino H ; Kuehn T ; Raynor P ; Zuo Z
• Description:
  Objective: Many workers are exposed to viruses transmitted through air. This research investigated the ability of cascade impactors to obtain size-selective samples for assessment of live virus aerosols. Methods: Six viruses- bacteriophage MS-2, human adenovirus, H2N2 swine influenza virus, H9N9 avian influenza virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus of pigs, and avian pneumovirus-were aerosolized separately into an apparatus from suspensions using a nebulizer. Suspending media included deionized water, tryptic soy broth (TSB) for MS-2, a cell culture maintenance medium for the other viruses, and either TSB or maintenance medium with 7.6% glycerol added as a surrogate for mucus. The samplers were an 8-stage Andersen impactor with aluminum plates or gelatin filters covering the plates and a MOUDI impactor with aluminum substrates. Collected material was eluted from each impaction surface, and the amounts of live virus present were determined using standard virology techniques. By comparing the amount of live virus collected versus the concentration in the nebulizer suspension against the recovery of a fluorescent dye versus its concentration in the suspension, the relative recovery (R) of live virus was measured, with R=1 equivalent to 100% recovery. Results: Recovery varied widely by virus, suspending fluid, and particle size. For example, MS-2 yielded R close to 1 for all particle sizes when the suspending media was TSB, but lower values for the other fluids. Relative recovery for human adenovirus approached 1 for deionized water at the smallest particle sizes, but was lower for other fluids and larger particles. Recovery of live swine and avian influenza virus was poor under all conditions. On average, the Andersen impactor yielded higher values of R than the MOUDI impactor. Using gelatin filters did not improve virus recovery. Conclusions: Impactors can be used to sample live virus sizeselectively, but high recoveries are possible for only some viruses. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Occupational Health Particulate Matter Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Viral Diseases Workplace
• Keywords:
  Aerosol-particles Airborne-particles Analytical-processes Exposure-levels Particulates Risk-factors Sampling Viral-diseases Viral-infections Work-environment Workers

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• Publisher:
  American Industrial Hygiene Association
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Minnesota ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  80-81
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046487
• Citation:
  AIHce 2011: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 14-19, 2011, Portland, Oregon. Falls Church, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2011 May; :80-81
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  University of Minnesota, Schools of Veterinary Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20080901
• Source Full Name:
  AIHce 2011: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 14-19, 2011, Portland, Oregon
• End Date:
  20120831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3bbf336f0b21796f70a2b81912e88fbbef6d7404a8edc7a02696feca42cc0b2cb862b48b0d0a2a5bc467f23da25f65f4b474ef9a41302e3f248022a1b8406333
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201535/cdc_201535_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 233.48 KB ]