Mechanisms of pharmaceutical aerosol deposition in the respiratory tract

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cheng YS
• Description:
  Aerosol delivery is noninvasive and is effective in much lower doses than required for oral administration. Currently, there are several types of therapeutic aerosol delivery systems, including the pressurized metered-dose inhaler, the dry powder inhaler, the medical nebulizer, the solution mist inhaler, and the nasal sprays. Both oral and nasal inhalation routes are used for the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Following inhalation therapy, only a fraction of the dose reaches the expected target area. Knowledge of the amount of drug actually deposited is essential in designing the delivery system or devices to optimize the delivery efficiency to the targeted region of the respiratory tract. Aerosol deposition mechanisms in the human respiratory tract have been well studied. Prediction of pharmaceutical aerosol deposition using established lung deposition models has limited success primarily because they underestimated oropharyngeal deposition. Recent studies of oropharyngeal deposition of several drug delivery systems identify other factors associated with the delivery system that dominates the transport and deposition of the oropharyngeal region. Computational fluid dynamic simulation of the aerosol transport and deposition in the respiratory tract has provided important insight into these processes. Investigation of nasal spray deposition mechanisms is also discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Biopharmaceutics Drug Therapy Lung Lung Diseases Nose Occupational Health Paint Respiratory System Safety Sense Organs

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• Keywords:
  Aerosol-dispensers Author Keywords: Aerosol Deposition Drug-therapy Drug Delivery Drugs Inhalation Lung-disorders Medical-treatment Models Nasal-cavity Pharmaceuticals Respiration Spraying-equipment

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• ISSN:
  1530-9932
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant ; Contract
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New Mexico ; OSHA Region 6
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  15
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046131
• Citation:
  AAPS PharmSciTech 2014 Jun; 15(3):630-640
• Contact Point Address:
  YungSungCheng, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute (LRRI), 2425 Ridgecrest, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
• Email:
  ycheng@lrri.org
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  Lovelace Biomedical & Environmental Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20100901
• Source Full Name:
  American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists PharmSciTech
• End Date:
  20140831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:2b28ad1292a47b5f9e55881900724f53ba344c80c1cbb84b4be77cc81f899cb87f804aaa5c9bd41fcd33d3573923978b6b62e2c79a13ec7bb35d55a990bf42af
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201268/cdc_201268_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.71 MB ]