Shotgun proteomics of human sputum and plasma identifies biomarkers of acute exposures to diesel and biodiesel emissions

Details

• Personal Author:
  Burgess J ; Littau S ; Lutz E ; Mehus A
• Description:
  Exposures to diesel particulate matter (DPM) are linked to a broad range of illnesses. In recent years, biodiesel has been used to reduce respirable DPM (rDPM) but there are few human studies that analyze the health effects of this fuel. Sputum and plasma are attractive sources of proteins and these bio-fluids have been used to monitor airway and systemic responses to a variety of toxicants. The goal of this study was to analyze these bio-fluids for novel protein biomarkers in response to acute diesel and biodiesel emission exposures. Using a cross-over experimental design, 48 subjects operating a load-haul-dump vehicle in an underground mine were exposed on separate days for 200 minutes each alternating use of diesel and 75% biodiesel/ 25% diesel (B75) blend fuels. Switching to B75 reduced rDPM exposure by 20%. Sputum and plasma were then collected before and after diesel and B75 exposures. Proteins from the sputum and plasma were extracted from 6 subjects and were enzymatically digested into peptides that were then run in triplicates using LC-MS/MS strategies. 848 sputum and 407 plasma proteins were identified. Label-free quantitation was also employed and based on criteria of identification in four or more of the subjects and at least two-fold increase or decrease, 42 and 32 novel candidate biomarkers were selected in the sputum and plasma respectively. Two sputum (matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and growth-regulated alpha protein (GRO-alpha)) and one plasma (tenascin-C (TN-C)) were further validated in all samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MMP-8 significantly increased following exposures to emissions from both fuel-types. GRO-alpha was only significantly elevated in post-B75 exposures. Plasma TN-C was significantly increased following diesel exposure, and, not quite significantly, in the post-B75 exposures. This study gives us a better understanding in evaluating the comparative toxicity of the emissions from diesel and B75. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Amino Acids Biological Assay Biological Products Biomarkers Body Fluids Environmental Monitoring Enzymes Esters Fuel Oils Hazardous Substances Mass Spectrometry Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety Toxicology Vehicle Emissions

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• Keywords:
  Amino-acids Bioassays Biological-material Body-fluids Diesel-emissions Enzyme-activity Exposure-assessment Fatty-acid-esters Fuels Liquid-chromatography Mass-spectrometry Particulates Peptides Protein-biochemistry Proteins Sputum-analysis Toxins

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Arizona ; California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  261-262
• Volume:
  144
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046040
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2015 Mar; 144(1):261-262
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• Performing Organization:
  University of Arizona, Tucson
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20120701
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 54th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 22-26, 2015, San Diego, California
• End Date:
  20150630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:876663f9ba30228617c3923b957b3c069c24fe6944a1e5de225247a789c62a3f169f795de062d9fff38fa679d04b7b9409c65df8062addc5a7dc417b983fd37c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201224/cdc_201224_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.08 MB ]