Silicon nanowires: free radical production and related damage in cellular exposures

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fix NR ; Kenyon AJ ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Schwegler-Berry D
• Description:
  Processing and synthesis of purified nanomaterials of diverse composition, size, and properties are a recent development. Studies have demonstrated that some nanomaterials have toxic effects and this has led to toxicity research focusing on nanotechnology. Close to two million workers will be employed in the field of nanotechnology over the next ten years. The unknown effects of nanomaterials create a need for research and development of techniques to identify possible toxicity. Through a cooperative effort between NIOSH and IBM to address possible occupational exposures, silicon-based nanowires (SiNW), synthesized by the vapor-liquid-solid method, used in bio-sensors, gas sensors, and field effect transistors, were obtained for our study. SiNW are anisotropic filamentary crystals of silicon. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated when organisms are exposed to a material causing cellular damage such as lipid peroxidation, H2O2 production and DNA damage. SiNWs were assessed using three different in vitro models (chemical, RAW 264.7 cells and rat alveolar macrophages) for ROS generation and possible toxicity. We used electron spin resonance, analysis of lipid peroxidation, measurement of H2O2 production and the comet assay to assess generation of ROS from SiNW and define possible mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that SiNW do not appear to be a significant generator of free radicals. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  DNA Free Radicals Laboratories Occupational Health Oxidants Safety Silicon Compounds Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Analytical-instruments Author Keywords: Reactive Oxygen Species Cell-damage Crystal-structure DNA-damage Free-radical-generation Free-radicals In-vitro-study Laboratory-techniques Lipid-peroxidation Medical-research Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Oxidative-metabolism Oxidative-processes Silicon Silicon-compounds

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 9 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  66
• Volume:
  144
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20045892
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2015 Mar; 144(1):66
• CAS Registry Number:
  Silicon (CAS RN 7440-21-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 54th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 22-26, 2015, San Diego, California
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4d0827fbb125ee032be61c5f3ebe4b11904ee5074dcac12b79e0fa7b4fedd1a004d22f10dfbdba0ff7949d9ef1d6e57361b65bc916ab428b10ce3fad195f52bc
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201139/cdc_201139_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 228.47 KB ]