Dermal Absorption of Toluene from Enamel Paint in F344 Rats

Details

• Personal Author:
  Kania MR ; Thrall KD ; Woodstock AD ; Kania MR ; Thrall KD ; Woodstock AD
• Description:
  Toluene is a component of many paint products and there is potential for both occupational and non-occupational dermal exposure to toluene in various matrices. To understand the significance of these exposures, the dermal bioavailability of toluene was assessed in F344 male rats using a combination of real-time exhaled breath analysis and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. Animals were exposed to toluene present in a commercial enamel paint using a 1.7cm diameter occluded glass patch system attached co a clipper-shaved area on the back of the rat. Immediately following exposure, individual animals were placed in glass off-gassing chambers and exhaled breath was monitored as chamber concentration using an ion trap mass spectrometer (MS/MS). The exhaled breath profiles from treated animals clearly demonstrated the rapid absorption of toluene. Peak chamber concentrations, representing exhaled breath, were observed within 1 hr from the start of exposure. The PBPK model describing the exposure and offgassing chamber was used to model the exhaled breath data. A dermal permeability coefficient (Kp) of 0.073 cm/hr was found to describe each set of exhaled breath data. In comparison, the Kp value determined for enamel paint was identical co the Kp value for aqueous toluene (0.074 cm/hr) although toluene concentrations differed significantly (25 mg/ml versus 0.5 mg/ml). To evaluate the impact of paint constituents on the dermal bioavailability, additions dermal studies were conducted using reformulated enamel paint with the titanium dioxide and xylene co-solvent replaced by toulene. PBPK model simulation of the exhaled breath data from these exposures required a Kp value roughly half the value from the intact paint (0.032 cm/hr) althought the toulene concentration was more than 12 times greater. These data suggest that permeability of toluene is influenced by the exposure concentration and less so by the exposure matrix. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dermatitis Laboratories Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Paint Safety Skin Skin Diseases Solvents Toluene

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Aqueous-solutions Exposure-levels Laboratory-animals Occupational-dermatitis Occupational-exposure Paints Skin-exposure Toluenes
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  381-382
• Volume:
  72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022739
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2003 Mar; 72(S-1):381-382
• CAS Registry Number:
  Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7) ; Toluene (CAS RN 108-88-3) ; Xylene (CAS RN 1330-20-7) ; Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7) ; Toluene (CAS RN 108-88-3) ; Xylene (CAS RN 1330-20-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis ; Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis
• Performing Organization:
  Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20010301
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 42nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, Cutting-Edge Science, Networking, New Perspectives, March 9-13, 2003, Salt Lake City, Utah
• Supplement:
  1
• End Date:
  20030228
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8e175d7d2bfc5ebac1229794b90639f94dd767e1721a820c90b6cf682c7e3a06b1965c92d778065992b56e6c3cbed83e74fa289799745bd50556fbf267f990e8
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199399/cdc_199399_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 65.70 KB ]