Gene Expression in Rat Skin Following Cutaneous Exposure to Xylene, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Limonene

Details

• Personal Author:
  Garrett CM ; McDougal JN ; Rogers JV
• Description:
  In the US, occupational skin disease is the second most significant cause of occupational disease, after accidents. Some of this disease is due to exposures to occupational chemicals such as solvents, fuels and surfactants. Understanding the mechanisms of acute irritation will assist in assessing risks to exposures as well as potential therapy and prophylaxis. Gene expression studies may provide useful information about normal processes in the skin and the responses of the skin to exogenous chemicals. We exposed rats, cutaneously, to m-xylene (pure liquid), sodium lauryl sulfate (1 % & 10% aqueous solution) and d-limonene (pure liquid) for one hour and measured transcriptional responses at the end of the exposure and three hours later for comparison with untreated skin samples. Total skin RNA was isolated and analyzed using the Affymetrix RatTox U34 array. We found that 120 of approximately 850 genes were detected as present with Affymetrix software. The largest number of these genes was in the metabolism (19) and oxidative/cellular stress responsive (9) categories. Other transcripts present in untreated skin were categorized as cellular structure, signaling, hormones, extracellular matrix, differentiation/cell division, transporrers/ligands and a receptor. We found that limonene treatment caused the largest change in mRNA levels with a total of 34 transcripts increased and 4 transcripts decreased at one or four hours. 10 % sodium lauryl sulfate caused 5 transcripts to increase and 17 to decrease at one or four hours. Xylene treatment resulted in 6 increased transcripts and 14 decreased transcripts at one or four hours. Differences in the skin responses to these 3 treatments may reflect different mechanisms of irritation. These changes in gene expression suggest some proteins that should be quantified as we investigate the time course of the irritant cascade. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dermatitis Fuel Oils Genetics Laboratories Occupational Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Diseases Solvents Surface-Active Agents Xylenes

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Dermatosis Exposure-levels Fuels Genes Laboratory-animals Occupational-diseases Occupational-exposure Skin-diseases Skin-disorders Skin-exposure Sodium-compounds Sulfates Surfactants

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022731
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2003 Mar; 72(S-1):379
• CAS Registry Number:
  (+)-Limonene (CAS RN 5989-27-5) ; Sodium dodecyl sulfate (CAS RN 151-21-3) ; Xylene (CAS RN 1330-20-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis
• Performing Organization:
  Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19980930
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 42nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, Cutting-Edge Science, Networking, New Perspectives, March 9-13, 2003, Salt Lake City, Utah
• Supplement:
  1
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9bc7927431561db2626dd2e8dbd089a822924afbafd71f7637cd3717ea90865b68b2ad2b09643ad0c0a5d26d7ae1024ac0f250890985f2c9e0cb817f761f711f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199395/cdc_199395_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 56.19 KB ]