Concordance of Rat and Human Based Risk Estimates for Particle-Related Lung Cancer

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bailer AJ ; Dankovic, David A. ; Kuempel, Eileen D. ; Smith RJ ; Stayner, Leslie T.
• Description:
  In this study we use existing data in both rats and humans exposed to respirable, poorly soluble particles to compare the dose-response relationships for lung cancer. Exposure-response data for lung cancer were available in both species for crystalline silica and in rats for coal dust and titanium dioxide. Tumorigenic doses (TDs) associated with specified levels of excess risk (e.g. 1 %) were computed, using multistage models in rats and relative rate models in humans. The rat-based and human-based TDs for crystalline silica are reasonably concordant (i.e. TD ratios near 1.0) for several dose metrics, including average internal dose in the lungs. The rat-based TDs associated with a 1 % excess risk of lung cancer (TDJ (extrapolated to humans, assuming a 45 yr working lifetime exposure) are point estimates from 0.007 to 0.24, 2 to 91 and 1.7 to 444 mg/m3 respectively, for crystalline silica, coal and titanium. The rat-based TDI values for silica, coal and titanium dioxide are consistent with the relative toxicity of these airborne particulates and with results from epidemiological studies. These findings provide some support for the continued use of risk assessment models based on rat bioassay data for particulates when human data are not available. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Animals Biological Assay Inhalation Exposure Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Airborne-particles Animal-studies Author Keywords: Risk Assessment Bioassays Exposure-levels Inhalants Inhaled Particles Interspecies Comparison Laboratory-animals Lung-cancer Lung Cancer Mathematical-models Occupational-exposure Occupational-hazards Occupational-health Risk-analysis Risk-factors

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• ISSN:
  0003-4878
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  62-66
• Volume:
  46
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022230
• Citation:
  Ann Occup Hyg, Inhaled Particles IX, 2002 Dec; 46(Suppl 1):62-66
• Contact Point Address:
  E. D. Kuempel, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Risk Evaluation Branch, 4676 Columbia Parkway, M.S. C-15, Cincinnati,OH 45226-1998
• Email:
  ekuempel@cdc.gov
• Editor(s):
  Ogden T; Donaldson K; Cherry N
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Risk Assessment Methods
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Inhaled Particles IX
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:365d04f567ab38896607efea52b442e14834fb2d8f2931bacabf7d1c5e16c6034857ab8deef365cd0313b754e1a01fdc9f480428da5d737643aac2dd3e858209
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199083/cdc_199083_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 107.96 KB ]