The Impacts of Dermal Exposure Variables on Percutaneous Penetration and Tissue Disposition of 3,3′, 4,4′-Tetrachlorobiphenyl in an Ex Vivo Swine Model

Details

• Personal Author:
  Qiao GL ; Riviere JE
• Description:
  3,3',4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB), one of the dioxin-like PCBs, demands much research and regulatory attention. To evaluate the effects of exposure variables on dermal absorption and cutaneous disposition, occlusive or non-occlusive doses of 14C-TCB were applied at 40 microg/cm2 in various vehicles including acetone, methylene chloride, a water-acetone mixture, and a soil-based mixture using an ex vivo pig skin flap model (n=4-5/treatment). Significant exposure-dependent dermal absorption and tissue disposition profiles were observed. Ex vivo 8 h absorption varied from 0.11 to 0.80%, depending on exposure conditions. Acetone and methylene chloride vehicles showed different absorption profiles and skin tissue penetration patterns, but showed similar total absorption. Much more TCB was absorbed from soil-based mixture than from liquid (organic or aqueous-organic mixture) vehicles under non-occlusive exposure (p<0.05). Interestingly, occlusion of the TCB soil dose significantly (p<0.05) decreased both the total 8 h dermal absorption (0.80->0.29%) and total penetration (2.48->1.11%). This was similar to TCB absorption and disposition profiles in several other animal and human skin models tested. Adding water to the acetone vehicle did not change TCB dermal absorption. In conclusion, dermal absorption data from liquid TCB doses in organic or aqueous-organic mixture vehicles may underestimate the risk of TCB exposed in contaminated soil matrix. Dose occlusion and water addition to organic solvents showed little potential of enhancing TCB dermal uptake. Such observed exposure-dependent dermal absorption and tissue disposition profiles need to be considered when assessing TCB dermal risk under various occupational and environmental exposure conditions. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Automation Diagnosis Electrical Equipment And Supplies Electric Injuries Electricity Manufacturing And Industrial Facilities Mining Occupational Health Risk Assessment Safety
• Keywords:
  Absorption Rates Environmental Exposure Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Models Occupational Exposure Organic Solvents Risk Factors Skin Skin Absorption Skin Exposure Solvents

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• ISBN:
  9780948917165
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20021044
• Citation:
  Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration. Brain KR, Walters KA, eds., Cardiff, UK: STS Publishing, 2000 Jan; 7a:114
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acetone (CAS RN 67-64-1) ; Dichloromethane (CAS RN 75-09-2) ; PCB 77 (CAS RN 32598-13-3)
• Editor(s):
  Brain KR; Walters KA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2000
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0025d0d3306f70a0b74ca242259f016a082fecf24a3a7bd4b1ff4aa871f1c329b5477d8a690f3dbf69b679b6a53449a8d081cb5360c9118ded4ee35079191c58
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198618/cdc_198618_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 72.56 KB ]