Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particulate (DEP) on Immune Responses: Contributions of Particulate Versus Organic Soluble Components

Details

• Personal Author:
  Al-Humadi N ; Castranova, Vincent ; Lewis, Daniel M. ; Ma JKH ; Ma JYC ; Saxena QB ; Saxena RK ; Siegel, Paul D. ; Yin X-J
• Description:
  The effect of diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) exposure on innate, cellular and humoral pulmonary immunity was studied using high-dose, acute-exposure rat, mouse, and cell culture models. DEP consists of a complex mixture of petrochemical-derived organics adsorbed onto elemental carbon particles. DEP is a major component of particulate urban air pollution and a health concern in both urban and occupational environments. The alveolar macrophage is considered a key cellular component in pulmonary innate immunity. DEP and DEP organic extracts have been found to suppress alveolar macrophage function as demonstrated by reduced production of cytokines (interleukin-1 [IL-1], tumor necrosis factor- alpha [TNF- alpha]) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to a variety of agents, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interferon- gamma (IFN- gamma), and bacteria. Fractionation of DEP organic extract suggests that this activity was predominately in polyaromatic-containing and more polar (resin) fractions. Organic-stripped DEP did not alter these innate pulmonary immune responses. DEP also depressed pulmonary clearance of Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The contribution of the organic component of DEP is less well defined with respect to acquired and humoral immunity. Indeed, both DEP and carbon black enhanced humoral immune responses (specific immunoglobulin [Ig] E and IgG) in an ovalbumin-sensitized rat model. It is concluded that both the particulate and adsorbed organics may contribute to DEP-mediated immune alterations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Animals Laboratories Lung Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Petroleum Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Vehicle Emissions

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• Keywords:
  Alveolar-cells Animal-studies Diesel-emissions Diesel-exhausts Laboratory-animals Occupational-exposure Particulates Petroleum-products Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders
• ISSN:
  0098-4108
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  221-231
• Volume:
  67
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024289
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2004 Feb; 67(3):221-231
• Contact Point Address:
  HELD, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA
• Email:
  psiegel@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cfe35605c372ac9fd6f67fa573fa777fe90a7451ff905a33ec5ef624a8a41430af341f581cb5dea445cbf0ddba7d6e104573d2d9f6817f3801d6fa37b883ed40
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196163/cdc_196163_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 255.63 KB ]