Effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on fibroblast function in relation to lung fibrosis

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barger M ; Castranova, Vincent ; Hines B ; Ma JY ; Mercer RR
• Description:
  The emission of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 ) in the diesel exhaust, when cerium compounds were used as a diesel engine catalyst to lower the diesel exhaust particles, is a health concern. Our previous studies have shown that CeO2 induced pulmonary inflammation and lung fibrosis. The objective of the present study is to investigate the modification of fibroblast function by CeO2 in relation to fibrosis. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to CeO2 (0.15 to 7 mg/kg) by a single intratracheal instillation and sacrificed at various times post exposure. Alveolar macrophages (AM) were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and lung fibroblasts were isolated from the lung tissues. The first BAL fluid and AM culture medium obtained after a 24 h incubation time were saved for further analysis. The results show that at 28 days after CeO2 (3.5 mg/kg) exposure, lung fibrosis was evident by increased hydroxyproline content in lung tissues and enhanced Sirius Red staining collagen fibers in the lung. In addition, the presence of stress actin, expressed as alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), in fibroblasts was also significantly increased when compared to the control. Lung fibroblasts isolated from CeO2-exposed rats at 28 days post-exposure showed a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation rate using the MTT assay. Treating primary fibroblasts with CeO2 in vitro, did not significantly affect cell proliferation rate; however, when treated with the first BAL fluid collected at 3- or 10-days after CeO2 exposure, significantly increased cell proliferation when compared to the control. In vitro treatment of fibroblasts with TGF-beta1 significantly increased alpha-SMA expression. These results demonstrate that CeO2 induces a dirverse network of mediators that affects fibroblast proliferation and functional changes that may play a role in lung fibrosis. These findings suggest potential health effects of CeO2 exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Antioxidants Biological Assay Biomarkers Cytotoxins Digestive System Digestive System Diseases Environmental Monitoring Fibrosis Fuel Oils Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Liver Lung Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Sulfhydryl Compounds Toxicology Vehicle Emissions

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• Keywords:
  Alveolar-cells Bioassays Carbonyls Cell-function Cellular-function Cellular-reactions Cerium-compounds Collagen-fibrils Cytotoxic-effects Diesel-emissions Diesel-exhausts Dose-response Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Fuels Hazardous-materials Hydroxy-compounds Immune-reaction Immune-system In-vitro-study Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Liver-cells Liver-damage Liver-tissue Lung-cells Lung-fibrosis Lung-tissue Molecular-biology Myeloid-tissue Nanotechnology Oxidative-processes Oxides Peroxidases Proteins Pulmonary-system Thiols

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  132
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20042452
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2013 Mar; 132(1):505-506
• CAS Registry Number:
  Ceria (CAS RN 1306-38-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 52nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2013, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7f5497cb0437d3d6834a2ecb3ecd16f91f6ece32439219a1657697b406f559144dec6e90fd39772973883706752c4057ef81f3ef821d3ed955ec57d02a16dc66
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194675/cdc_194675_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 591.71 KB ]