Diacetyl-induced respiratory and olfactory toxicity in mice: influence of ubiquitination, gender, and dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase gene knockout

Details

• Personal Author:
  Battelli LA ; Cumpston AM ; Dey RD ; Edwards RJ ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Fluharty KL ; Friend S ; Goldsmith WT ; Goravanahally MP ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Jackson MC ; Kashon ML ; McKinstry K ; Mercer RR ; Moyers WB ; Munro T ; Sargent L ; Sriram K ; Willard PA
• Description:
  The alpha-dicarbonyl butter flavoring, diacetyl (2,3-butanedione), is associated with flavorings-related constrictive bronchiolitis in workers who make or use flavorings. Diacetyl causes protein damage in a process believed to be dependent upon the alpha-dicarbonyl structure. A protective response to damaged protein is ubiquitination with subsequent proteasomal processing. Diacetyl is also metabolized to the less reactive alpha-hydroxyketone, acetoin, by dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase (Dcxr). We examined the role of Dcxr and gender on acute toxicity of inhaled diacetyl by exposing Dcxr knockout and wildtype mice of both sexes to diacetyl at target concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 300 ppm for 6 hr. At 1 day post-exposure, endpoints were semi-quantitative histopathology and morphometric measurement of ubiquitin immunofluorescence in nose and lung sections. Ubiquitin was principally localized to nasal and intrapulmonary airways, increased in large bronchioles at concentrations > / = 100 ppm, and in the nose at 300 ppm. Diacetyl-induced ubiquitin in the nose and lung was modified by both gender and Dcxr. In lung histopathology, diacetyl caused vacuolation of airway epithelium of large bronchioles at concentrations > / = 100 ppm. In olfactory bulb (OB) of male mice inhaling 300 ppm diacetyl, mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators and olfactory marker protein (Omp), a marker of olfactory neuron axons, were assayed by real-time PCR. Diacetyl elevated Il6, Cxcl2, and TNFalpha and decreased Omp in OB. The data suggest that ubiquitin expression is a sensitive biomarker of diacetyl-induced protein damage in airway epithelium. Further, diacetyl causes neuroinflammation and potential loss of axons of olfactory neurons in OB, suggestive of neurotoxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biological Assay Biomarkers Butanones Chemistry Environmental Monitoring Food Additives Genetics Hazardous Substances Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Nervous System Nose Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Sense Organs Sex Characteristics Toxicology

  More +
• Keywords:
  Acute-toxicity Bioassays Carbonyls Chemical-reactions Chemical-structure Dose-response Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Food-additives Genes Histopathology Hydroxy-compounds Inhalation-studies Ketones Laboratory-animals Laboratory-techniques Lung-disorders Lung-function Lung-irritants Nasal-cavity Neurotoxic-effects Neurotoxicity Neurotoxins Olfactory-disorders Protein-chemistry Proteins Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-system-disorders Ribonucleic-acids Sex-factors

  More +
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  50
• Volume:
  132
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20042379
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2013 Mar; 132(1):50
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acetoin (CAS RN 513-86-0) ; Butanedione (CAS RN 431-03-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 52nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2013, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5ee774c87fad771fd1704ac397b691cd64ec5dcabfc366b99287fd3ecbb5ebc0c59fe9f6ea47c95944934ae5d84eb2fd35126e249d2f75da46a2a3eb0d3e49aa
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194612/cdc_194612_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 582.50 KB ]