Carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, some other chlorinated solvents, and their metabolites

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baan R ; Benbrahim-Tallaa L ; Bouvard V ; El Ghissassi F ; Grosse Y ; Guha N ; Lauby-Secretan B ; Loomis D ; Mattock H ; Straif K
• Corporate Authors:
  World Health Organization. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Monograph Working Group
• Description:
  In October, 2012, 18 experts from seven countries reassessed the carcinogenicity of several chlorinated solvents and some of their metabolites at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. These assessments will be published as volume 106 of the IARC Monographs. Trichloroethylene (TCE) was widely used for degreasing metal parts until the 1990s, and in dry cleaning from the 1930s to 1950s. It is still used for stain removal, but its main use is in chlorinated chemical production. An estimated 276,000 workers in the European Union were exposed to TCE in the early 1990s, although occupational exposure levels are decreasing. The general population is exposed through consumer products - including food - and contaminated water. The Working Group classified TCE as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Biotransformation of TCE, well characterised in humans and animals, occurs primarily through oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes and also via glutathione conjugation by glutathione S-transferase enzymes. The main oxidative metabolites are dichloroacetic acid (DCA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and chloral hydrate (CH). Metabolites of TCE formed via glutathione conjugation are genotoxic, particularly in kidney cells in which in-situ metabolism occurs. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Acetamides Animals Biological Assay Carcinogens Case Reports Chemistry Chlorine Compounds Energy Metabolism Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Hematopoietic System Laboratories Liver Neoplasms Occupational Health Oxidants Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Smokers Solvents Tobacco Products Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System

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• Keywords:
  Acetic-acids Bioassays Biotransformation Bladder-cancer Cancer Carcinogenicity Case-studies Chemical-analysis Chemical-processing Chlorinated-ethanes Chlorinated-ethylenes Cigarette-smoking Dry-cleaning-industry Dry-cleaning-solvents Exposure-assessment Genotoxic-effects Hematopoietic-system Hepatotoxicity Humans Kidney-cells Kidney-tumors Laboratory-animals Liver-cancer Lymphatic-system Metabolites Oxidative-enzymes Oxidative-metabolism Renal-toxicity Risk-analysis Risk-factors Smoking Thiones

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• ISSN:
  1470-2045
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20041779
• Citation:
  Lancet Oncol 2012 Dec; 13(12):1192-1193
• CAS Registry Number:
  1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane (CAS RN 630-20-6) ; 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (CAS RN 79-34-5) ; Chloral (CAS RN 75-87-6) ; Chloral hydrate (CAS RN 302-17-0) ; Dichloroacetic acid (CAS RN 79-43-6) ; Tetrachloroethylene (CAS RN 127-18-4) ; Trichloroacetic acid (CAS RN 76-03-9) ; Trichloroethylene (CAS RN 79-01-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  The Lancet Oncology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cf35ef6adc845a61187360cb63ef4d8d4600e76ad62c886c8200e480601696ff4f1683b4afdb443a624705efb09bbf920e9779b08658596f2cc36cd787d5098e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194246/cdc_194246_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 80.98 KB ]