Mechanisms of oxidative stress in the potentiation of noise-induced hearing loss by acrylonitrile

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fechterr L ; Pouyatos B
• Description:
  Acrylonitrile (ACN), one of the top 50 chemicals produced in the world, is a very powerful pro-oxidant compound whose metabolism leads to a profound glutathione (GSH) depletion and to a production of cyanide (CN) which, in turn, can inhibit superoxide dismutase (SOD). ACN, by itself, is not ototoxic, but we have shown that it can strongly promote noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), even at noise levels that do not produce auditory impairment. The mechanism by which ACN renders the cochlea more vulnerable to noise damage is still unknown, but we hypothesize that the decrease of GSH and/or the inhibition of SOD reduce the cochlear intrinsic anti-oxidant defenses and ultimately create oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated in adult Long-Evans rats the effect of the alteration of CN production through the ACN metabolism on the promotion of NIHL by ACN. For this purpose, two different drugs were used: (1) Sodium thiosulfate (STS), a CN antidote commonly used in humans in case of CN poisoning and (2) 4-methylpyrazole (4MP) which blocks ACN metabolism through the oxidative pathway, preventing CN formation. We observed that, while both STS and 4MP drastically reduced CN production by more than 80%, they did not protect against the potentiating effect of ACN. This result suggests that CN is not implicated in the potentiation of NIHL by ACN. Further studies are proposed to determine the role of GSH depletion in the increase of vulnerability to noise induced by ACN. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Environmental Exposure Hearing Hearing Loss Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced Laboratories Noise Noise, Occupational Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Acrylonitrile Author Keywords: Cochlea Cell Damage Cellular Reactions Cyanide Exposure Levels Glutathione Hearing Disorders Hearing Loss Laboratory Animals Noise Exposure Noise Induced Hearing Loss Oxidative Stress Superoxide Dismutase

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• ISSN:
  0742-3152
• Publisher:
  Association for Research in Otolaryngology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Missouri ; New Jersey ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  11-12
• Volume:
  29
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20041688
• Citation:
  Abstr Midwinter Res Meet Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2006 Feb; 29:11-12
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acrylonitrile (CAS RN 107-13-1)
• Editor(s):
  Santi PA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2006
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Hearing Loss
• Performing Organization:
  Washington University
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20000401
• Source Full Name:
  Abstracts of the 29th Midwinter Research Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, Febuary 5-9, 2006, Baltimore, Maryland
• End Date:
  20130914
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:61561844512bb5780ec5d63ebeef5fa02122d3105880c45fa01f16753ff605d9daeeef036e4cf49e7d7135927ab4186a1fcdccc3d8d389ac170b976de6dd6cf9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194181/cdc_194181_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 628.70 KB ]