Airborne infection isolation rooms - a review of experimental studies

Details

• Personal Author:
  Earnest, Gary S. ; Hyttinen M ; Kalliokoski P ; Pasanen P ; Rautio A ; Reponen T ; Streifel A
• Description:
  Ventilation guidelines for airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIRs) are highly variable in different countries indicating lack of actual knowledge about the guidance needed. However, US guidelines for AIIRs are extensive and have been widely adopted outside the US. AIIR performance has also been evaluated in numerous studies. For a long time, the aim has mainly been to evaluate how well the existing AIIRs meet US guidelines. For historical reasons, mixing-type ventilation has been emphasised and attention has been paid to air exchange rates, although the use of auxiliary devices, such as portable room-air cleaners and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems, has also been examined. Recently, the scope of the investigations has been widened. The most crucial issue is to minimise the potential for disease transmission and prevent the escape of contaminated air from the AIIR. Airflow direction inside the AIIR is also important and AIIRs minimise air leakage to save energy. On the other hand, it has been observed that efficient containment can be achieved even by using simple and inexpensive construction by considering pressure differential and air flow patterns. Nevertheless, additional research is needed to assist hospitals with improving their preparedness to cope with the threat of pandemics by building and using effective AIIRs. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Movements Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Air Pressure Communicable Disease Control Communicable Diseases Engineering Health Care Facilities Workforce And Services Hospitals Occupational Health Radiation Safety Ventilation

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• Keywords:
  Air-contamination Air-flow Air-pressure Air-purification Air-quality-control Air-treatment-equipment Airborne Infection Author Keywords: Isolation Room Clean-rooms Controlled-environment Disease-control Disease-prevention Disease-transmission Engineering-controls Germicides Health-care-facilities Health-protection Hospital-equipment Infection-control Irradiation Medical-facilities Ventilation-systems Ventilation Strategies

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• ISSN:
  1420-326X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Minnesota ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  20
• Issue:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20040095
• Citation:
  Indoor Built Environ 2011 Dec; 20(6):584-594
• Contact Point Address:
  Marko Hyttinen, Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
• Email:
  marko.hyttinen@uef.fi
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Indoor and Built Environment
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:521acbec16cbf989fc804b28344e83c93634680a539750797435ec0369afba7254227bf7f70ddd5cabb213b176afc738ff3d32554968fdb50918985300776a89
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/193072/cdc_193072_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 153.91 KB ]