Mortality and end-stage renal disease incidence among dry cleaning workers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Calvert, Geoffrey M. ; Petersen, Martin R. ; Ruder, Avima M.
• Description:
  OBJECTIVE: Perchloroethylene (PCE) is a known animal carcinogen and probable human carcinogen. Dry cleaning exposures, particularly PCE, are also associated with renal toxicity. The objective was to follow-up a cohort of dry cleaners to evaluate mortality and assess end-stage renal disease (ESRD) morbidity. METHODS: This study adds 8 years of mortality follow-up for 1704 dry cleaning workers in four cities. Employees eligible for inclusion worked for >/=1 year before 1960 in a shop using PCE as the primary solvent. Life table analyses for mortality and ESRD morbidity were conducted. Only employees alive on 1 January 1977 were included in ESRD analyses. RESULTS: Overall cancer deaths were in significant excess in this cohort (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 1.22, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.36). Oesophageal, lung and tongue cancers had significant excesses of deaths. Oesophageal cancer risk was highest among those employed in a PCE-using shop for >/=5 years with >/=20 years' latency since first such employment. Deaths from non-malignant underlying diseases of the stomach and duodenum were in significant excess. Hypertensive ESRD morbidity was significantly elevated in the entire cohort (standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 1.98, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.27), and among workers employed only in PCE-using dry cleaning shops for >/=5 years. CONCLUSION: Employment in the dry cleaning industry and occupational exposure to PCE are associated with an increased risk for ESRD and for cancer at several sites. The employment duration findings for oesophageal cancer and hypertensive ESRD further support an association with PCE exposure instead of lifestyle or socioeconomic factors. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Carcinogens Ethylenes Hypersensitivity Kidney Diseases Morbidity Mortality Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Risk Assessment Safety Solvents Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System

  More +
• Keywords:
  Cancer Dry-cleaning-industry Dry-cleaning-solvents Kidney-disorders Morbidity-rates Mortality-data Mortality-rates Occupational-exposure Renal-toxicity Risk-analysis Statistical-analysis Surveillance-programs

  More +
• ISSN:
  1351-0711
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  10
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038117
• Citation:
  Occup Environ Med 2011 Oct; 68(10):709-716
• Contact Point Address:
  Geoffrey M Calvert, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
• Email:
  jac6@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Tetrachloroethylene (CAS RN 127-18-4)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1aa5cf44e312222714a4f062644c0388f9862188ca6c3a5dd012ebb576a28e8a9b76c8e4f5dfb63d8fca936c8c2041322ab7633860a62c1788fcb63d0be69cc5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/191926/cdc_191926_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 121.47 KB ]