Mechanistically Identified Suitable Biomarkers of Exposure, Effect and Susceptibility for Silicosis: Validation of Biomarkers of Early Effect

Details

• Personal Author:
  Borm P ; Castranova, Vincent ; Donaldson K ; Downs K ; Girdler-Brown B ; Gulumian M ; Murray J ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  Clinical detection of silicosis is currently dependent on radiological abnormalities, a late manifestation of disease. A need for markers of prediction and early detection of pneumoconiosis is imperative for the early evaluation of dust allaying strategies. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the etiology of silicosis was instrumental in proposing numerous biomarkers that have been evaluated to assess effects following exposure to crystalline silica dust. Human validation studies have substantiated some of these proposed biomarkers and have argued in favour of their use as biomarkers for crystalline silica-induced pneumoconiosis. A number of 'ideal' biological markers of effect were identified through literature review, viz. TNF, IL-8 and ROS measurement by chemiluminescence (monocyte release), CC16, 8-isoprostanes, total antioxidant levels measured by TEAC, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and PDGF (serum). These identified biomarkers were then evaluated in South African gold miners exposed to silica with and without clinical evidence of silicosis and in control group of men with no silica dust exposure. Results showed that three out of the 10 biomarkers investigated were significantly affected by exposure to silica dust, independently of any effects due to HIV infection, ARV treatment, smoking or age, to an extent that would enable them to be used as biomarkers of early effects due to exposure to crystalline silica. Financial support from Mine Health and Safety Council and permission from Harmony gold mines to recruit volunteer subjects from their mine workforce are gratefully acknowledged. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aluminum Silicates Biomarkers Dust Mining Occupational Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Quartz Safety Silicon Dioxide
• Keywords:
  Diseases Dust-exposure Dust-particles Dusts Etiology Gold-mines Miners Occupational-diseases Occupational-exposure Pneumoconiosis Quartz-dust Silica-dusts Silicates Silicosis

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• ISSN:
  0378-4274
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  164
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20031107
• Citation:
  Toxicol Lett 2006 Sep; 164(Suppl 1):S54
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2006
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology Letters
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e7593d717c8ed21f92c2801322adda986b8248af0e68d3964e9a7217a55c125aab577826b8891f2f48fc5b65dfe06c0dd2ae0e7b9a0fa95c9d8e6175d61f595c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/191462/cdc_191462_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 74.12 KB ]