Aerosolization of Fine Particles and Endotoxin from Metalworking Fluids Contaminated with Microorganisms

Details

• Personal Author:
  Grinshpun S ; Reponen T ; Wang H
• Description:
  Metalworking fluid (MWF) exposures have been associated with adverse health effects, such as dermatitis, respiratory symptoms, asthma, and in some cases hypersensitivity pneumonitis. No sufficient information has yet been collected on the size distribution of particles aerosolized from MWFs contaminated with microorganisms and airborne endotoxin concentration. We have recently developed a laboratory-scale setup, which simulates grinding operations in the MWF industry. Our preliminary study with this simulator showed increased aerosolization of fine particles from semisynthetic MWF after the fluid was inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens under laboratory-controlled conditions. In the present study, we investigated the aerosolization of fine particles and endotoxin from two types of water-soluble MWFs-semisynthetic MWF and soluble oil-after the fluids were inoculated with P. fluorescens in the laboratory. The simulator was also utilized to test used fluids that were brought from the field sites. The concentration of fine particles was measured using a condensation nucleus counter (P-track, model 8525, TSI Inc.). Particle size distributions and collection of particles for endotoxin analysis were performed by an electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI; 3935 series, Dekati Ltd., Tampere, Finland). The endotoxin analysis was performed with limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. It was found that after bacterial inoculation, semisynthetic MWF had a greater increase of fine particle aerosolization than soluble oil. The peak of the fine particles aerosolized from used MWFs (aerodynamic diameter, da = 0.029 um) and that from MWFs inoculated with bacteria (da = 0.037 um) were smaller than that of pure bacterial water suspension. Particles at the size smaller than intact bacterial cells contained significant concentration of endotoxin. This indicates that some of the fine particles may come from the cell wall fragments of the bacteria in the MWFs. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Endotoxins Laboratories Metals Metal Workers Microbiology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety

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• Keywords:
  Aerosol-particles Air-contamination Airborne-particles Laboratory-techniques Laboratory-testing Metalworking Metalworking-fluids Metalworking-industry Microorganisms Simulation-methods
• Publisher:
  American Industrial Hygiene Association
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  50
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20030707
• Citation:
  American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 21-26, 2005, Anaheim, California. Fairfax, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2005 May; :50
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2005
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 21-26, 2005, Anaheim, California
• End Date:
  20040929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4e5347f653500635155bf8db90c0280280e571b7ed08b3de3790b0523ae501dcc11e19a088951c1c727a831ce5da65343af78051c77fba6057fe16c4727d6846
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/191232/cdc_191232_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.18 MB ]