The Polysaccharide Antibody Response After Streptococcus pneumoniae Vaccination Is Differentially Enhanced or Suppressed by 3,4-Dichloropropionanilide and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barnett JB ; de la Rosa P ; Salazar KD ; Schafer R ; Barnett JB ; de la Rosa P ; Salazar KD ; Schafer R
• Description:
  Propanil (3,4-dichloropropionanilide) and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) are commonly used herbicides that have toxic effects on the immune system. The present study determined the effect of exposure to these chemicals on the immune response to a bacterial vaccine. The antibody responses to the T-independent type 2 antigen, phosphorylcholine (PC) and the T-dependent antigen, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) were characterized in C57BL/6 mice after heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae (HKSP) immunization and single or mixture herbicide exposure. Propanil exposure significantly increased the number of PC-specific IgM, IgG2b, and IgG3 antibody-secreting B cells (ASC) in the spleen 4-6-fold over control animals in a dose-dependent manner. However, the number of ASC in the bone marrow and serum titers were comparable in control and propanil-treated mice. In contrast, 2,4-D exposure decreased the number of PC-specific IgM and IgG bone marrow ASC 2-3-fold from control animals. The decrease in bone marrow ASC in 2,4-D-treated mice corresponded to a 3-4-fold decrease in PC-specific IgM, IgG2b, and IgG3 serum titers compared to control mice. The number of ASC in the spleens of 2,4-D-treated mice was, however, comparable to control mice. The antibody response to PspA was not affected by any of the treatments. There were no mixture interactions between the two herbicides in any of the responses measured. These results characterize the primary PC-specific antibody response in the bone marrow, spleen, and serum after HKSP vaccination and herbicide exposure. The differential effects of propanil and 2,4-D on the antibody response to a bacterial vaccine demonstrate the potential of chemical exposure to augment or suppress immune responses to vaccines and infectious diseases. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Antibodies Communicable Diseases Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Herbicides Immune System Laboratories Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Antibody-response Bacteria Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Immune-reaction Infectious-diseases Laboratory-animals Polysaccharides Toxic-effects Vaccines

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  123-133
• Volume:
  87
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20028250
• Citation:
  Toxicol Sci 2005 Sep; 87(1):123-133
• Contact Point Address:
  NIOSH-HELD-ASB, 1095 Willowdale Rd., MS L-4218, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
• CAS Registry Number:
  (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (CAS RN 94-75-7) ; Propanil (CAS RN 709-98-8) ; (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (CAS RN 94-75-7) ; Propanil (CAS RN 709-98-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2005
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ; Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicological Sciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5c60bc4325ce9fb2f20afe1e600899b3257fb1743d5844c2c74a7d79e811eafd519a46a6fca9f4fce136c10249a910073a65aef82e6ff9b2de783e1cc41bbd1b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189828/cdc_189828_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 425.42 KB ]