Assessment of the Effect of Visual Impairment on Mortality Through Multiple Health Pathways: Structural Equation Modeling

Details

• Personal Author:
  Arheart KL ; Christ SL ; Lam BL ; Lee DJ ; Zheng DD
• Description:
  PURPOSE. To estimate the direct effects of self-reported visual impairment (VI) on health, disability, and mortality and to estimate the indirect effects of VI on mortality through health and disability mediators. METHODS. The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) is a population-based annual survey designed to be representative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. The National Death Index of 135,581 NHIS adult participants, 18 years of age and older, from 1986 to 1996 provided the mortality linkage through 2002. A generalized linear structural equation model (GSEM) with latent variable was used to estimate the results of a system of equations with various outcomes. Standard errors and test statistics were corrected for weighting, clustering, and stratification. RESULTS. VI affects mortality, when direct adjustment was made for the covariates. Severe VI increases the hazard rate by a factor of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.07-1.53) compared with no VI, and some VI increases the hazard by a factor of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.07-1.20). VI also affects mortality indirectly through self-rated health and disability. The total effects (direct effects plus mediated effects) on the hazard of mortality of severe VI and some VI relative to no VI are hazard ratio (HR) 1.54 (95% CI: 1.28-1.86) and HR 1.23 (95% CI: 1.16-1.31), respectively. CONCLUSIONS. In addition to the direct link between VI and mortality, the effects of VI on general health and disability contribute to an increased risk of death. Ignoring the latter may lead to an underestimation of the substantive impact of VI on mortality. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Eye Mortality Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Sense Organs Vision Disorders
• Keywords:
  Mathematical-models Mortality-data Mortality-rates Mortality-surveys Risk-factors Statistical-analysis Vision-disorders
• ISSN:
  0146-0404
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  49
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20034311
• Citation:
  Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008 Aug; 49(8):3318-3323
• Contact Point Address:
  Odum Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3355
• Email:
  slchrist@email.unc.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2008
• Performing Organization:
  University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20020901
• Source Full Name:
  Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
• End Date:
  20120831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:26440e147a82a414ae540979bf37c6addbc788384ffbc50d3204e75b12f1a1bd511442d57fe34d50a4a3efe73e2f2f77adf9722c4c700a2b95e9c2c3704be6de
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189561/cdc_189561_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 175.86 KB ]