Nicotine- or Epinephrine-Induced Uteroplacental Vasoconstriction and Fetal Growth in the Rat

Details

• Personal Author:
  Birnbaum SC ; Gelzleichter TR ; Hendrickx AG ; Kien N ; Last JA ; Martucci RW ; Witschi H
• Description:
  We examined the relationship between nicotine-induced vasoconstriction in pregnant rat dams and fetal growth during the third trimester of pregnancy. Pregnant rats were continuously treated between days 13 and 19 of gestation with either nicotine (9.6, 4.8 or 2.4 mg/kg/day), epinephrine (0.72 microgram/kg/day), or saline via continuous infusion from a subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipump. Placental weights in rats treated with high dose nicotine and dams' body weights were severely reduced. However, fetal weights were not affected. Blood flows in uterus and placenta were quantified by measurement of tissue content of 85Sr-labelled microspheres injected via a carotid artery catheter. Both nicotine and epinephrine caused a significant reduction (> 40%) in uterine and placental blood flow. We conclude that vasoconstriction alone as a result of nicotine or epinephrine administration during the last trimester of gestation does not necessarily reduce nutrient supply to the fetus and does not affect fetal growth in rats. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Blood Chemistry Fetus Growth Hematologic Tests Nervous System Occupational Health Safety Smokers Tobacco Products Urine Urogenital System

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Blood-analysis Blood-gas-analysis Blood-poisoning Blood-samples Blood-sampling Chemical-composition Chemical-indicators Chemical-reactions Chemical-structure Chemical-synthesis Cigarette-smoking Fertility Growth-disorders Growth-factors Growth-inhibition Growth-rate Nerve-function Nerve-tissue Nerves Urinalysis

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• ISSN:
  0300-483X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  69-80
• Volume:
  94
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20033249
• Citation:
  Toxicology 1994 Nov-Dec; 94(1-3):69-80
• Contact Point Address:
  S. C. Birnbaum, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616-8542
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Performing Organization:
  University of California - Davis
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19900930
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:52efeac66a07077eb0bdf0906a5224554bce9b2a604f3aa3e653c165155f160fe23764670ce6bf1d930cc57eb6645e46f5e38f685d2a1645c895ca29431e2c88
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188898/cdc_188898_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 757.63 KB ]