Biomonitoring for Farm Families in the Farm Family Exposure Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Acquavella JF ; Alexander BH ; Baker BA ; Chapman P ; Honeycutt R ; Mandel JS
• Description:
  OBJECTIVES: The Farm Family Exposure Study was conducted to evaluate real-world pesticide exposure for farmers, spouses, and children. METHODS: Eligible farm families from Minnesota and South Carolina were randomly selected from a roster of licensed private pesticide applicators. Eligibility required that the family include a farmer, spouse, and at least one child between the ages of 4 and 17 years, that the family live on the farm, that the farmer planned to apply one of the target pesticides [glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)] to at least 10 acres (4.1 hectares) of land within 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) of the house. For each family member, geometric means were calculated for 24-hour composite urinary samples, with a 1 ppb (part per billion) limit of detection, the day before, the day of, and for 3 days after the application. RESULTS: For the farmers, the peak geometric mean concentrations were 3 ppb for glyphosate, 64 ppb for 2,4-D, and 19 ppb for the primary chlorpyrifos metabolite. For the spouses and children, the percentage with detectable values varied by chemical, although the average values for each chemical did not vary during the study period. The applicators had the highest urine pesticide concentrations, children had much lower values, and spouses had the lowest values. Exposure to family members was largely, though not exclusively, determined by the degree of direct contact with the application process. The exposure profile varied for the three chemicals for each family member. CONCLUSIONS: The data of this study indicate the importance of chemical-specific considerations when exposure assessments are planned in epidemiologic studies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Aging Agriculture Chemistry Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Family Farmers Hazardous Substances Hypersensitivity Insecticides Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Pathology Safety Surveys And Questionnaires Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Age-factors Age-groups Agricultural-chemicals Agricultural-industry Agricultural-machinery Agricultural-processes Author Keywords: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Biomonitoring Chemical-hypersensitivity Chemical-reactions Child Children Chlorpyrifos Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Families Farm Family Exposure Study Glyphosate Mathematical-models Nervous-system-disorders Neurological-reactions Pesticide Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Quantitative-analysis Questionnaires Spouse Statistical-analysis Toxic-effects Work-environment Work-performance Work-practices

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• ISSN:
  0355-3140
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Minnesota ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  98-104
• Volume:
  31
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20037497
• Citation:
  Scand J Work Environ Health 2005 Jan; 31(Suppl 1):98-104
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr Jack S Mandel, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, NE, Atlanta, GA 30322
• Email:
  jsmande@sph.emory.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (CAS RN 94-75-7) ; Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2) ; Glyphosate (CAS RN 1071-83-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2005
• Performing Organization:
  University of Minnesota Twin Cities
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
• Supplement:
  1
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ca096b7e2fd42d4beb6cf6f61162241709341eeb7e49acd1e131565c690bc733fe51a01a53718c5a6908b07a1374b0ebd0840889a68be039e9d904747fe67f1b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188586/cdc_188586_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 118.98 KB ]