Aerosol Monitoring During Carbon Nanofiber Production: Mobile Direct-Reading Sampling

Details

• Personal Author:
  Birch, M. Eileen ; Dunn, Kevin H. ; Evans DE ; Ku BK
• Description:
  Detailed investigations were conducted at a facility that manufactures and processes carbon nanofibers (CNFs). Presented research summarizes the direct-reading monitoring aspects of the study. A mobile aerosol sampling platform, equipped with an aerosol instrument array, was used to characterize emissions at different locations within the facility. Particle number, respirable mass, active surface area, and photoelectric response were monitored with a condensation particle counter (CPC), a photometer, a diffusion charger, and a photoelectric aerosol sensor, respectively. CO and CO(2) were additionally monitored. Combined simultaneous monitoring of these metrics can be utilized to determine source and relative contribution of airborne particles (CNFs and others) within a workplace. Elevated particle number concentrations, up to 1.15 x 10(6) cm(-3), were found within the facility but were not due to CNFs. Ultrafine particle emissions, released during thermal treatment of CNFs, were primarily responsible. In contrast, transient increases in respirable particle mass concentration, with a maximum of 1.1 mg m(-3), were due to CNF release through uncontrolled transfer and bagging. Of the applied metrics, our findings suggest that particle mass was probably the most useful and practical metric for monitoring CNF emissions in this facility. Through chemical means, CNFs may be selectively distinguished from other workplace contaminants (Birch et al., in preparation), and for direct-reading monitoring applications, the photometer was found to provide a reasonable estimate of respirable CNF mass concentration. Particle size distribution measurements were conducted with an electrical low-pressure impactor and a fast particle size spectrometer. Results suggest that the dominant CNF mode by particle number lies between 200 and 250 nm for both aerodynamic and mobility equivalent diameters. Significant emissions of CO were also evident in this facility. Exposure control recommendations were described for processes as required. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollution Air Pollution, Indoor Environmental Monitoring Irritants Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety Workplace

  More +
• Keywords:
  Aerosol-particles Aerosol-sampling Air-quality Air-quality-measurement Air-quality-monitoring Author Keywords: Carbon Monoxide Emissions Exposure Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Exposure Controls Inhalation-studies Nanofibers Nanomaterial Nanoparticle Nanotechnology Nanotubes Occupational Particle-aerodynamics Particle-counters Pulmonary-system Refineries Respiratory-irritants Ultrafine Work-areas Work-environment Worker-health Workplace Workplace-studies

  More +
• ISSN:
  0003-4878
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  54
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036843
• Citation:
  Ann Occup Hyg 2010 Jul; 54(5):514-531
• Contact Point Address:
  Douglas E. Evans, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-R5, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  dje3@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Annals of Occupational Hygiene
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:904efffbb5566cd7d4af9a963022ba8d03b340329e69d90c4064c5cd3ab8d49e5d3f2f6c1c899ec7c1a1abf50b81bd2d44c39ee6b906aac9dabdd6466d2d53d7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188096/cdc_188096_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 806.43 KB ]